INFLUENCE OF BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF CELLULAR IMMUNITY DISORDERS IN WOMEN OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/1681-2727.2023.4.14163Keywords:
bacterial vaginosis, vaginal microbiota, probiotics., lactobacilli, reproductive age, T-cells, B-cells, cellular immunity, antibioticsAbstract
SUMMARY. The immunological response to bacterial vaginosis remains poorly understood. The vaginal microbiota can affect the function of the body’s immune system. The ability of microorganisms to modulate the local and systemic immunological response requires a complex dialog between innate and adaptive components of the immune system. Since the mucosal immune system is quite unique compared to other mucosal surfaces, it can adapt to the menstrual cycle in response to hormonal stimuli.
Materials and methods. The study was conducted in 115 women of reproductive age with vaginal microbiota disorders. After studying the species composition of the vaginal microbiota, appropriate examination groups were formed: the first control group (with normocenosis of the vagina, n=30), the second group (intermediate type of microbiota, n=20) and the third group (bacterial vaginosis n=65).
For the treatment of bacterial vaginosis in women of the third group, according to the protocol for the treatment of "Abnormal vulvovaginal discharge", we chose the antibiotic metronidazole. In the second group with an intermediate type of vaginal microbiota, a probiotic containing the live strain of Lactobacillus casei IMB B-7280 was used to normalize the species composition and in patients of the third group with bacterial vaginosis to restore the vaginal microbiota once a day in the form of capsules and suppositories.
After the use of complex therapy to restore the vaginal microbiota in the study groups, the indicators of the cellular immunity link were studied before treatment and 1 month after treatment.
Results and discussion. In the study of the cellular component of immunity in the studied groups of patients of reproductive age with vaginal microbiota disorders before treatment, no statistically significant changes in the levels of the immunoregulatory index (CD4+, CD8-/CD4-, CD8+), cytotoxic cells (CD3+, CD56+), NK cells (CD3-, CD56+), B lymphocytes (CD3-, CD19+), monocytes (CD14) and they were within the reference norms. However, after the treatment, statistically significant differences in NK cells (CD3-, CD56+) and monocytes (CD14) were investigated depending on the study groups. A moderate negative correlation between B-lymphocytes (CD3-, CD19+) and NK cells (CD3, CD56+) was assessed. After probiotic therapy, there was a tendency to increase NK cells (CD3-, CD56+) and monocytes (CD14) in the control group.
Conclusions. Thus, in the analysis of the studied indicators of the cellular link of immunity in patients with vaginal microbiota disorders, statistically significant changes in NK cells (CD3-, CD56+) (p=0.025) and monocytes (CD14) (p=0.014) after treatment were found depending on the studied groups.
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