MARKERS OF LYME BORRELIOSIS, BARTONELLOSIS AND GIARDIASIS IN PATIENTS WITH URTICARIA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/1681-2727.2021.4.12836Keywords:
Lyme borreliosis, bartonellosis, giardiasis, urticariaAbstract
The aim of the study was to determine the frequency of detection of serological and parasitological markers of pathogens of some infectious diseases (Lyme borreliosis, bartonellosis and giardiasis) in patients with urticaria.
Material and methods. We examined 52 patients with acute urticaria aged 18 to 70 years, who in 2019–2022 were on outpatient and inpatient treatment at the Starokostiantynivska Multidisciplinary Hospital in Khmelnytskyi region. There were 16 men (30.8 %) and 36 women (69.2 %).
Antibodies against B. burgdorferi s.l. antigens were determined in the patient’s sera by ELISA test, using test systems from Euroimmun AG (Germany): IgM class – Anti-Borrelia burgdorferi ELISA (IgM) test system, IgG class – Anti-Borrelia plus VIsE ELISA (IgG). The results were evaluated as positive, intermediate or negative and interpreted according to the manufacturer’s recommendations.
Serum antibodies of the IgG class to Bartonella henselae/B. quintana (causative agent of bartonellosis), were determined in the patients’ serum, by the method of indirect immunofluorescence (NIF), using test systems «Mosaic for Bartonella henselae/Bartonella quintana IgG test system, Euroimmun AG (Germany), using BIOCHIP technology.
To detect Giardia lamblia, a smear of native fecal material was prepared, which was examined under a light optical microscope at low and high magnification (vol. × 8, × 40, approx. × 10), and cystic forms of the parasite were sought. Antibodies of the IgM class to Giardia antigens in the patients sera with urticaria were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using the Giardia-IgM-ELISA-Best kits.
Results. Serum ELISA in patients with urticaria has positive or intermediate results in the presence of class M and/or G antibodies to the B. burgdorferi s. l. complex received in 22 (42.3 %) people out of 52, negative results – in 30 (57.7 %).
Specific IgG antibodies only to B. henselae were diagnosed in the sera of 4 (7.7 %) patients with urticaria, using indirect immunofluorescence (NIF).
In the parasitological examination of feces of patients with urticaria, Giardia cysts were found in 12 (23.1 %) of the 52 examined. Specific serum antibodies IgM to Giardia lamblia antigens were detected in 3 (5.8 %) patients with urticaria out of 52 examined, using ELISA test.
This examination was performed for the first time in patients of Khmelnytskyi region with this pathology.
Conclusions. Diagnosis of giardiasis in 14 (36.8 %) of 38 patients with idiopathic urticaria suggests that this parasitosis is a trigger for urticaria. The presence of antibodies to B. burgdorferi s.l. and B. henselae in patients with urticaria may indicate the involvement of these tick-borne pathogens in the occurrence of this disease.
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