DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF BENIGN AND MALIGNANT CYSTIC NEOPLASMS OF THE PANCREAS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/2414-4533.2026.1.16064Keywords:
pancreas, cystic neoplasia, SCA, MCA, IPMN, differential diagnosisAbstract
The aim of the work: to develop a method for differential diagnosis of cystic pancreatic neoplasias, as well as to study the role of the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio as a diagnostic criterion for their malignancy.
Materials and Methods. A retrospective analysis of the comprehensive examination and treatment of 52 patients with pancreatic cystic formations was conducted. According to the histological structure, serous cystadenoma was detected in 42.3 % of patients, mucinous cystadenoma in 40.4 %, and intraductal papillary-mucinous neoplasia in 17.3 % of patients. In 80.8 % of patients, benign neoplasms were diagnosed according to the results of the pathomorphological study, and in 19.2 % of cases, malignant formations were detected against the background of cystic neoplasms of the pancreas. An analysis of NLR, CA 19-9 in blood plasma was conducted, as well as the presence of contrast intracystic formations according to computed tomography.
Results. When combined with the presence of contrasting parietal formations inside the cyst, an increase in the level of CA 19-9 more than 39 U/ml and an increase in the NLR value more than 1.867, cystic neoplasia is considered malignant. The algorithm for differential diagnosis of pancreatic cystic formations is focused on identifying the origin of the cyst and determining treatment tactics. The algorithm includes determining the etiology of the cystic formation based on the study of the level of CA 19-9, NLR, as well as data from instrumental diagnostic methods.
Сonclusions. The developed combined method for differential diagnosis of cystic pancreatic neoplasias has statistically high accuracy: the sensitivity of the developed diagnostic method is 71.4 %, and the specificity is 95.6 %.
Received: 10.10.2025 | Revised: 19.01.2026 | Accepted: 20.02.2026
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