CORRECTION OF SCAR DEFORMITY OF THE FRONTAL AREA: SURGICAL METHODS AND RESULTS OF OWN RESEARCH

Abstract

The aim of the work: to improve the effectiveness of surgical treatment of patients with deforming facial scars by analyzing the effectiveness of modern surgical methods of correction of complex scar deformities of the frontal area, as well as to evaluate the clinical and aesthetic results of combined treatment using surgical and adjuvant techniques.

Materials and Methods. The experience of correction of scar deformity of the frontal area, performed at the Valikhnovski Surgery Institute (Kyiv, Ukraine) is described, together with the analysis of the achievements of the field of reconstructive surgery in the field of reconstructive plastic surgery of deforming facial scars. A variety of surgical techniques were analyzed, including Z-plasty, autologous tissue transplantation, local flaps, and serial excision. Adjuvant techniques included laser therapy (fractional CO₂ laser), topical application of silicone gels, compression therapy and triamcinolone injections.

Results. It was found that a combined approach to the correction of scar deformities provides a significant improvement in aesthetic and functional results. The use of Z-plastics with the selection of suture materials (polydioxanone and polypropylene) helped to minimize tension and improve the quality of the scar. Adjuvant techniques allowed for effective control of hypertrophy and reduced the manifestations of fibrosis. The combined use of surgical techniques (Z-plasty, local flaps) and adjuvant methods (laser therapy, silicone gels, triamcinolone injection) provides a high level of aesthetic correction and functional recovery of scar deformities of the frontal area, in particular those of complex shape (in this case, in the form of a swastika).

Conclusions. The optimal choice of suture materials (polydioxanone, polypropylene) and precise adherence to Langer’s lines reduces postoperative skin tension, which helps to minimize the risk of hypertrophic scarring and significantly improves the quality of healing. The proposed integrated approach has shown high efficiency, which makes it appropriate for widespread implementation in the practice of plastic and reconstructive surgery.