PRIMARY PREVENTION OF A CORONARY HEART DISEASE WITHIN THE STRUCTURE OF PHARMACEUTICAL CARE PROVISION: FUNCTIONAL ROLE FULFILLMENT OF THE PHARMACIST
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/2312-0967.2024.3.14862Keywords:
Pharmaceutical care, Good Pharmacy Practice, pharmacy services, primary prevention, ischemic heart disease, arterial hypertension, diabetesAbstract
The aim of the work. To substantiate and functionally fill the role of the pharmacist in providing pharmaceutical care to patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) and comorbid conditions at the primary prevention level, considering the reduction in secondary cardiovascular events, disability rates and the burden on the healthcare system.
Materials and Methods. The study materials included ESC/AHA clinical guidelines, American pharmaceutical care protocols, information and scientific databases like Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, PubMed and international and national legal and regulatory documents. The methods of comparative analysis, synthesis, generalization, deduction, induction and modeling were applied in the work.
Results and Discussion. It was found out that globally, the expansion of the roles of GPP pharmacists in providing pharmaceutical care is occurring through integration into primary healthcare as members of medical teams for further interprofessional collaboration and reducing the burden on national healthcare systems. The educational and informational functions of pharmacists, as well as teamwork in accordance with best global practices, are provided for in the proposed model of pharmaceutical care for the primary prevention of IHD and comorbid conditions. It is proposed to expand pharmacist protocols for providing pharmaceutical care to patients with cardiovascular diseases in accordance with protocols and clinical guidelines based on evidence-based medicine.
Conclusions. A model for providing pharmaceutical care for the primary prevention of IHD and comorbid conditions has been developed and substantiated, based on health technology assessment with justification of the functional role of the pharmacist and considering the reduction of secondary cardiovascular events, population disability and the burden on the healthcare system.
References
Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation [Internet]. GBD Results. Dostupno na: https://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-results/.
World Life Expectancy [Internet]. HEALTH PROFILE UKRAINE. Available online: https://www.worldlifeexpectancy.com/country-health-profile/ukraine.
Derzhavna sluzhba statystyky Ukrainy. Instytut demohrafii ta sotsialnykh doslidzhen imeni M.V. Ptukhy Natsionalnoi Akademii Nauk Ukrainy. Naselennia Ukrainy. [Internet]. Naselennia Ukrainy. Informatsiino-analitychni materialy.; 2022. Available online: http://db.ukrcensus.gov.ua/PXWEB2007/ukr/publ_new1/2022/publ2022.asp.
Bilousova NA, Mykhalchuk VM. Analytical review of the influence of socio-economic factors on the state of pharmaceutical care for patients with cardiovascular diseases. Polski Merkur Lek. 2024;52(3):347-55. DOI: 10.36740/merkur202403112.
Pro likarski zasoby, Zakon Ukrainy № 2469-IX [Internet], 28 lyp. 2022 (Ukraina). Available online: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2469-20#Text.
Pro zatverdzhennia protokoliv farmatsevta, Nakaz MOZ Ukrainy vid 05.01.2022 r. № 7 № 7 [Internet], 2022 (Ukraina). Available online: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/rada/show/v0007282-22#Text.
International Pharmaceutical Federation (FIP) [Internet]. Economic sustainability and pharmacy: A commentary article. The Hague: International Pharmaceutical Federation; 2023. P. 21. Available online: https://www.fip.org/file/5870.
International Pharmaceutical Federation (FIP) [Internet]. Beating non-communicable diseases in the community – The contribution on pharmacists. The Hague: International Pharmaceutical Federation; 2019. P. 127. Available online: https://www.fip.org/files/content/publications/2019/beating-ncds-in-the-community-the-contribution-of-pharmacists.pdf.
International Pharmaceutical Federation (FIP) [Internet]. Cardiovascular diseases: A handbook for pharmacists. The Hague: International Pharmaceutical Federation; 2022. P. 108. Available online: https://www.fip.org/file/5251.
Unifikovanyi klinichnyi protokol pervynnoi, vtorynnoi (spetsializovaanoi) ta tretynnoi (vysokospetsializovanoi) medychnoi dopomohy «Stabilna ishemichna khvoroba sertsia», Unifikovanyi klinichnyi protokol № HS 2021-2857 [Internet], 24 hrud. 2021 (Ukraina). Available online: https://www.dec.gov.ua/mtd/stabilna-ishemichna-hvoroba-serczya/.
Kayyali R, Peletidi A, Nabhani-Gebara S. The role of pharmacists in cardiovascular disease prevention: Qualitative studies from the United Kingdom and Greece. J Res Pharm Pract. 2019;8(3):112. DOI: 10.4103/jrpp.jrpp_19_3.
Omboni S, Caserini M. Effectiveness of pharmacists intervention in the management of cardiovascular diseases. Open Heart. 2018;5(1):e000687. DOI: 10.1136/openhrt-2017-000687.
Anderson SL, Marrs JC. A Review of the Role of the Pharmacist in Heart Failure Transition of Care. Adv Ther. 2018;35(3):311-23. DOI: 10.1007/s12325-018-0671-7.
Apikoglu S, Selcuk A, Ozcan V, Balta E, Turker M, Albayrak OD, Uney A. The first nationwide implementation of pharmaceutical care practices through a continuous professional development approach for community pharmacists. Int J Clin Pharm. 2022. DOI: 10.1007/s11096-022-01413-8.
Ismail FF, Md Redzuan A, Chong WW, Ahmad Nizaruddin M. Role of community pharmacists in cardiovascular diseases-related health promotion and dyslipidemia management in Malaysia: A nationwide cross-sectional study. PLOS ONE. 2023;18(9):e0290883. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290883.
Motlohi NF, Wiafe E, Mensah KB, Padayachee N, Petrus R, Bangalee V. A systematic review of the role of community pharmacists in the prevention and control of cardiovascular diseases: the perceptions of patients. Syst Rev. 2023;12(1). DOI: 10.1186/s13643-023-02338-7.
Alzahrani F, Alhusayni RA, Khairi NB, Bahauddin AA, Tamur S. Hospital Pharmacy Professionals and Cardiovascular Care: A Cross-Sectional Study Assessing Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices in Saudi Arabia. Healthcare. 2024; 12(6):630. DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12060630.
Marx N, Federici M, Schütt K, Müller-Wieland D, Ajjan RA, Antunes MJ, Christodorescu RM et al. 2023 ESC Guidelines for the management of cardiovascular disease in patients with diabetes. Eur Heart J. 2023. DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehad192.
Committee of Ministers. Council of Europe [Internet]. Resolution CM/Res (2020)3 on the implementation of pharmaceutical care for the benefit of patients and Health services. 2020. Available online: https://rm.coe.int/09000016809cdf26.
Fujita K, Halvorsen KH, Sato N, Jazbar J, Modamio P, Waltering I, De Wulf et al. Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe definition of quality indicators for pharmaceutical care: a systematic literature review and international consensus development. Int J Clin Pharm. 2023. DOI: 10.1007/s11096-023-01631-8.
Henman MC, Ravera S, Lery FX. Council of Europe Resolution on the Implementation of Pharmaceutical Care-A Step Forward in Enhancing the Appropriate Use of Medicines and Patient-Centred Care. Healthcare. 2024;12(2):232. DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12020232.
Marx N, Federici M, Schütt K, Müller-Wieland D, Ajjan RA, Antunes MJ, Christodorescu RM et al. 2023 ESC Guidelines for the management of cardiovascular disease in patients with diabetes. Eur Heart J. 2023. DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehad192.
Visseren FL, Mach F, Smulders YM, Carballo D, Koskinas KC, Bäck M, Benetos A et al. 2021 ESC Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice. Eur Heart J. 2021; 42(34):3227-337. DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab484.
Virani SS, Newby LK, Arnold SV, Bittner V, Brewer LC, Demeter SH, Dixon DL et al. 2023 AHA/ACC/ACCP/ASPC/NLA/PCNA Guideline for the Management of Patients With Chronic Coronary Disease: A Report of the American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2023. DOI: 10.1161/cir.0000000000001168.
The Pharmacists Guide to Acute Coronary Syndrome. U.S. Pharmacist. Pharm Resour Clin Excell. 2020;2. Available online: https://www.uspharmacist.com/article/the-pharmacists-guide-to-acute-coronary-syndrome.
Arnett DK, Blumenthal RS, Albert MA, Buroker AB, Goldberger ZD, Hahn EJ, Himmelfarb CD et al. 2019 ACC/AHA Guideline on the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2019;140(11). DOI: 10.1161/cir.0000000000000678.
Dzau V, Braunwald E. Resolved and unresolved issues in the prevention and treatment of coronary artery disease: A workshop consensus statement. Am Heart J. 1991;121(4):1244-63. DOI: 10.1016/0002-8703(91)90694-d.
Cai H, Dai H, Hu Y, Yan X, Xu H. Pharmacist care and the management of coronary heart disease: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. BMC Health Serv Res. 2013;13(1). DOI: 10.1186/1472-6963-13-461.
Kang JE, Han NY, Oh JM, Jin HK, Kim HA, Son IJ, Rhie SJ. Pharmacist-involved care for patients with heart failure and acute coronary syndrome: a systematic review with qualitative and quantitative meta-analysis. J Clin Pharm Ther. 2016;41(2):145-57. DOI: 10.1111/jcpt.12367.
Santschi V, Chiolero A, Colosimo AL, Platt RW, Taffé P, Burnier M, Burnand B, Paradis G. Improving Blood Pressure Control Through Pharmacist Interventions: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. J Am Heart Assoc 2014;3(2). DOI: 10.1161/jaha.113.000718.
Alshehri AA, Jalal Z, Cheema E, Haque MS, Jenkins D, Yahyouche A. Impact of the pharmacist-led intervention on the control of medical cardiovascular risk factors for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in general practice: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2020;86(1):29-38. DOI: 10.1111/bcp.14164.
Pro zatverdzhennia Unifikovanoho klinichnoho protokolu pervynnoi, vtorynnoi (spetsializovanoi) ta tretynnoi (vysokospetsializovanoi) medychnoi dopomohy «Stabilna ishemichna khvoroba sertsia», Unifikovanyi klinichnyi protokol № 2857 [Internet], 23 hrud. 2021 (Ukkraina). Available online: https://www.dec.gov.ua/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/2021_2857_nakaz_stabihs.pdf.
Unifikovanyi klinichnyi protokol pervynnoi, vtorynnoi (spetsializovanoi) ta tretynnoi (vysokospetsializovanoi) medychnoi dopomohy «Stabilna ishemichna khvoroba sertsia», Unifikovanyi klinichnyi protoko № 265 [Internet], 16 liut. 2021 (Ukraina). Available online: https://www.dec.gov.ua/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/2021_2857_ykpmd_stabihs.pdf.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Pharmaceutical Review / Farmacevtičnij časopis
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
The authors who publish their materials in this journal agree with the following terms:
- Authors reserve the right to authorship of their work and assign to the journal the right to first publish this work under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which allows other persons to freely distribute the published work with a mandatory reference to the authors of original work and the first publication of work in this journal
. - Authors have the right to make independent extra-exclusive work agreements in the form they are published by this journal (for example, posting work in an electronic repository of an institution or publishing as part of a monograph), provided that the link to the first publication of the work in this journal is maintained.
Journal policy allows and encourages publication of manuscripts on the Internet (for example, in institutions repositories or on personal websites), both before the publication of this manuscript and during its editorial review, as it contributes to productive scientific discussion and positively affects the efficiency and dynamics of the citation of the published work (see The Effect of Open Access).
