BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE COPMOUNDS IN THE EXRTACTS OF SPERANSKIA TUBERCULATA (BUNGE) BAILL AND THEIR EFFECT ON THE VIABILITY OF CANCER CELLS OF FIVE DIFFERENT LINES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/2312-0967.2024.1.14441Keywords:
Speranskia tuberculata (Bunge) Baill, ethyl acetate extract, petroleum ether extract, LC/MS, commercially available cancer cell lines, MTT cytotoxicity testAbstract
The aim of the work. Identifying the most considerable bioactive compounds in Speranskia tuberculata extracts and studying their effect on the viability of cancer cells of five lines.
Materials and Methods. The herb Speranskia tuberculata extract was prepared based on ethyl acetate and petroleum ether in the 12.5-75 μg/ml concentration range. The presence of compounds in the extracts was investigated by the tandem high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy (HPLC/MS) method. The MTT cytotoxicity test was used to evaluate the effectiveness of extracts on five commercially available cell lines: A549 (human lung adenocarcinoma), HEPG2 (human hepatocellular carcinoma of the liver), A375 (human malignant melanoma), HELA (human pancreatic carcinoma), RAW264.7 (macrophage-like cell line from mice transformed with Abelson's leukaemia virus).
Results and Discussion. The peaks of about 300 compounds were identified in the mass spectra. Fifty-six compounds with the largest peaks were investigated from the point of view of manifestations of anticancer, antitumour, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity known from the literature. Only 35 of the 56 peaks have a documented effect on the listed diseases, another 15 compounds are active on other diseases, and 6 showed no activity. Of the 35 compounds belonging to 10 chemical classes, alkaloids, lipids, and polyphenols dominate (20 out of 35). Chemical reactions for phytochemical screening of chemical classes found in extracts are presented. In MTT tests, the viability during treatment of 4 out of 5 cell lines significantly decreases with increasing concentration of extracts. Only RAW264.7 cells were stable - their viability did not fall below 75-85%. Ethyl acetate extracts were the most effective. They maximally reduce viability to 18%, and the IC50 of this extract for all cell lines varied between 49-53 μg/ml. For petroleum ether, the IC50 of three lines was
65-74 μg/ml (for A375, the approximate value reached 114 μg/ml).
Conclusions. The peaks of about 300 compounds found in extracts of the herb Speranskia tuberculata were identified by the HPLC/MS. Among the 56 most intense peaks, 35 compounds, according to the literature, have anticancer, antitumour, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. MTT tests showed that the studied extracts significantly reduced the viability of cancer cells in 4 out of 5 lines. IC50 for ethyl acetate extracts is 49-53 μg/ml, and for petroleum ether - 65-74 μg/ml.
References
Dai Z, Liao X, Wieland XL, Hu J, Wang YG, Kim T-H, Liu J-P, Zhan S, Robinson N. Cochrane systematic reviews on traditional Chinese medicine: What matters–the quantity or quality of evidence? Phytomedicine 2022;98:153921. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153921
Fu Y, Ju MM, Ma HC, Xin PY, He CZ, Jia DR, Tian B. Development and characterisation of novel EST-SSR markers for Speranskia tuberculata (Euphorbiaceae). Applications in Plant Sciences 2016;4(10):1600067. https://doi.org/10.3732/apps.1600067
Ye JW, Wu HY, Fu MJ, Zhang P, Tian B. Insights Into the Significance of the Chinese Loess Plateau for Preserving Biodiversity From the Phylogeography of Speranskia tuberculata (Euphorbiaceae). Frontiers in Plant Science. 2021;12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.604251
Mazzio E, Badisa R, Mack N, Deiab S, Soliman K. High Throughput Screening of Natural Products for Anti-mitotic Effects in MDA-MB-231 Human Breast Carcinoma Cells. Phytotherapy Research. 2014;28(6):856–67. https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.5065
Mazzio E, Soliman K. In vitro screening for the tumoricidal properties of international medicinal herbs. Phytotherapy Research. 2009;23(3):385–98. https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.2636
Jo H-G, Seo J, Choi S, Lee D. East Asian herbal medicine to reduce primary pain and adverse events in cancer patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis with association rule mining to identify core herb combination. Frontiers in Pharmacology. 2022;12. doi:10.3389/fphar.2021.800571
Niwano Y, Saito K, Yoshizaki F, Kohno M, Ozawa T. Extensive screening for herbal extracts with potent antioxidant properties. Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition. 2011;48(1):78–84. https://doi.org/10.3164/jcbn.11-013FR
Mazzio E, Deiab S, Park K, Soliman K. High throughput Screening to Identify Natural Human Monoamine Oxidase B Inhibitors. Phytotherapy Research. 2013;27(6):818–28. https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.4795
Kim G, Gan RY, Zhang D, Farha AK, Habimana O, Mavumengwana V, Li HB, Wang XH, Corke H. Large-Scale Screening of 239 Traditional Chinese Medicinal Plant Extracts for Their Antibacterial Activities against Multidrug-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Cytotoxic Activities. Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland), 2020;9(3):185. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9030185
El-Shibiny A, Tan S, Nair DN, Padmavathy S. Impact of Endophytic Microorganisms on Plants, Environment and Humans. The Scientific World Journal. 2014;2014. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/250693
Zhou YX, Wang SJ, Li Y, Xia W, Meng XY, Peng C, Zhang H. Evaluation of analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activities of the ethanol extract from Speranskia tuberculate. African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines. 2015;12(3):4954. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ajtcam.v12i3.6
Li C, Zhang CZ, Hu FD, Shi JG. Chemical constituents from Speranskia tuberculata (Bge.) Baill. China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica. 2000;25(5):291–2.
Yu S, Yan H, Zhang L, Shan M, Chen P, Ding A, et al. A review on the phytochemistry, pharmacology, and pharmacokinetics of Amentoflavone, a naturally-occurring biflavonoid. Molecules. 2017;22(2):299. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules22020299
Li YM, Zhao YY, Fan YB, Wang X, Cai LN. Flavonoids from Speranskia Tuberculata. Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences. 1997;6:70–4.
Alley MC, Scudiero DA, Monkes A, Hursey ML, Czerwinski MJ, Fine DL, Abbott BJ, Mayo JG, Shoemaker RH, Boyd MR. Feasibility of drug screening with panel of human tumor cell lines using a microculture tetrazolium assay. Cancer Research. 1988;48(3):589–601.
Bournival J, Plouffe M, Renaud J, Provencher C, Martinoli MG. Quercetin and sesamin protect dopaminergic cells from MPP+-induced neuroinflammation in a microglial (N9)-neuronal (PC12) coculture system. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity. 2012;921941. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/921941
Guo Q, Wu S, Liang W, Tan J, Liu X, Yuan Y, Li X, Zhao H. Glabrol impurity exacerbates glabridin toxicity in zebrafish embryos by increasing myofibril disorganisation. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 2022;287:114963. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2021.114963
Farag MA, Gad MZ. Omega-9 fatty acids: potential roles in inflammation and cancer management. Journal, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology. 2022;20(1):48. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43141-022-00329-0
Silveira D, Boylan F. Medicinal Plants: Advances in Phytochemistry and Ethnobotany. Plants. 2023;12(8):1682. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12081682
Chen L, Huang Y, Yu X, Lu J, Jia W, Song J, Liu L, Wang Y, Huang Y, Xie J, Li M. Corynoxine Protects Dopaminergic Neurons Through Inducing Autophagy and Diminishing Neuroinflammation in Rotenone-Induced Animal Models of Parkinson's Disease. Frontiers in Pharmacology 2021;12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2021.642900
Wang LH, Gu ZW, Li J, Yang WQ, Li YL, Qi DM, Wang DY, Jiang HQ. Isorhynchophylline inhibits inflammatory responses in endothelial cells and macrophages through the NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway. BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies. 2023;23(1):80. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-023-03902-3
Maggio A, Loizzo MR, Riccobono L, Bruno M, Tenuta MC, Leporini M, Falco T, Leto C, Tuttolomondo T, Cammalleri I, La Bella S, Tundis R. Comparative chemical composition and bioactivity of leaves essential oils from nine Sicilian accessions of Myrtus communis L. Journal of Essential Oil Research. 2019;31(6):546–55. https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.2019.1610089
Saito T, Awad JM, Zhang W. Synthetic Studies on Tetracyclic Diquinane Lycopodium Alkaloids Magellanine, Magellaninone and Paniculatine. Molecules. 2023;28:1501. https://doi.org/10.3390/ molecules28031501
Liu Z, Du Q, Wang KW, Xiu L, Song G. Completed preparative separation of alkaloids from Cephaltaxus fortunine by step-pH-gradient high-speed counter-current chromatography. Journal of Chromatography (A). 2009;1216:4663–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2009.03.083
Zhou X, Wang Y, Lee WYW, Or PMY, Wan DCC, Kwan YW, Yeung JHK. Miltirone Is a Dual Inhibitor of P-Glycoprotein and Cell Growth in Doxorubicin-Resistant HepG2 Cells. Journal of Natural Products. 2015;78(9):2266–75. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5b00516
Dávid C, Kúsz N, Pinke G, Kulmány Á, Zupkó I, Hohmann J, Vasas A. Jacaranone Derivatives with Antiproliferative Activity from Crepis pulchra and Relevance of This Group of Plant Metabolites. Plants. 2022;11(6). https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11060782
Jia J, Chen J, Wang G, Li M, Zheng Q, Li D. Progress of research into the pharmacological effect and clinical application of the traditional Chinese medicine Rehmanniae Radix. Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy. 2023;168:115809. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115809
Kaur R, Chattopadhyay S, Chatterjee A, Prakash O, Khan F, Suri N, Priya D, Saxena A. Synthesis and in vitro anticancer activity of brevifoliol derivatives substantiated by in silico approach. Medicinal Chemistry Research. 2014; 23:4138–48. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00044-014-0980-6
Martucciello S, Paolella G, Romanelli AM, Sposito S, Meola L, Cerulli A, Masullo M, Piacente S, Caputo I. Pro-Apoptotic and Pro-Autophagic Properties of Cardenolides from Aerial Parts of Pergularia tomentosa. Molecules. 2022;27:4874. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27154874
Hayashi T, Shinbo T, Shimizu M, Arisawa M, Morita N, Kimura M, Matsuda S, Kikuchi T. Paeonilactone-A, -B, and -C, new monoterpenoids from paeony root. Tetrahedron Letters. 1985;26(31):3699–702. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4039(00)89227-8
Lee J, Gong Y, Jeong H, Seo H, Xie D, Sun H, Kwon T. Pharmacological effects of Picrasma quassioides (D. Don) Benn for inflammation, cancer and neuroprotection (Review). Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine. 2021;22:1357. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.10792
Hossain M, Azad MD, Tareq SM, Islam MD. Botanical and phyto-pharmacological reports on Stephania japhonica. International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research. 2017;2:154–150. https://doi.org/10.21477/ijapsr.v2i1.6980
Shah BN, Seth AK. Textbook of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry. 1st ed. Elsevier India; 2009. 620 p.
Bhavikatti S.K, Karobari MI, Zainuddin SLA, Marya A, Nadaf SJ, Sawant VJ, Patil SB, Venugopal A, Messina P, Scardina GA. Investigating the Antioxidant and Cytocompatibility of Mimusops elengi Linn Extract over Human Gingival Fibroblast Cells. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021;18:7162. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18137162
Shaikh JR, Patil MK. Qualitative tests for preliminary phytochemical screening: An overview. International Journal of Chemical Studies. 2020;8(2):603–608. https://doi.org/10.22271/chemi.2020.v8.i2i.8834
Evans WC. Trease And Evans Pharmacognosy 16th Ed. Edinburgh, London, New York: Saunders Elsevier; 2009. 603 p.
Nawaz H, Shad MA, Rehman N, Andaleeb H, Ullah N. Effect of solvent polarity on extraction yield and antioxidant properties of phytochemicals from bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) seeds. Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2020;56:e17129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s2175-97902019000417129
Snyder L.R. Classification of the Solvent Properties of Common Liquids. Journal of Chromatographic Science. 1978;16(6):223–234. https://doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/16.6.223
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Pharmaceutical Review / Farmacevtičnij časopis
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
The authors who publish their materials in this journal agree with the following terms:
- Authors reserve the right to authorship of their work and assign to the journal the right to first publish this work under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which allows other persons to freely distribute the published work with a mandatory reference to the authors of original work and the first publication of work in this journal
. - Authors have the right to make independent extra-exclusive work agreements in the form they are published by this journal (for example, posting work in an electronic repository of an institution or publishing as part of a monograph), provided that the link to the first publication of the work in this journal is maintained.
Journal policy allows and encourages publication of manuscripts on the Internet (for example, in institutions repositories or on personal websites), both before the publication of this manuscript and during its editorial review, as it contributes to productive scientific discussion and positively affects the efficiency and dynamics of the citation of the published work (see The Effect of Open Access).
