ЕTIOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF ACUTE LYME BORRELIOSIS BY TYPES OF PATHOGEN
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/1681-2727.2019.1.9942Keywords:
Lyme borreliosis, erythema migrans, Lyme arthritis, Borrelia burgdorferi, Borrelia spielmanii, diagnosis; ELISA, immunoblotAbstract
The aim of the study was to learn the prevalence of Lyme borreliosis with different species of Borrelia in patients with acute Lyme disease (erythema migrans and Lyme arthritis) in the Ternopil region.
Patients and methods. The present studies were conducted based on 48 patients with acute Lyme disease. The age of tested persons ranged from 19–65 years, who in 2018 were on outpatient and inpatient treatment at the Ternopil Regional Clinical Dermatology Center and the University Hospital; among them 19 (39.6 %) men and 29 (60.4 %) women. Patients were divided into two groups: 34 (group I) – patients with erythema migrans (ME) and 14 (group II) – with Lyme arthritis (LA). Diagnosis of Lime borreliosis was confirmed by anamnestic, clinical and serologic findings. A specific diagnosis was established in the presence of specific IgM and (or) IgG in the serum of patients blood of the B. burgdorferi complex using ELISA method and IgM were confirmed by immunoblot (EUROLINE Borrelia RN-AT adv).
Results. In 24 (70.6 %) of 34 patients with erythema migrans and 11 (78.6 %) of Lyme-artritis presence of specific antibodies: at least one IgM and /or IgG class to B. burgdorferi sensu lato (B. burgdorferisensu stricto, B. afzelii and B. garinii) were detected by ELISA tet. Comparison of the frequency of diagnosis of specific antibodies IgM (positive and intermediate) to B. burgdorferi s. l (B. burgdorferi ss, B. garinii, B. afzelii and B. spielmanii) in 34 patients with erythema migrans, ELISA and immunoblot showed that it was higher in immunoblot (76.5 %) compared to 55.9 % of the ELISA (p<0.05). The study of the etiological structure of acute Lyme borreliosis in 26 patients with erythema migrans (group I) and 12 patients with Lyme arthritis (Group II) found that OspC B. spielmanii was found in 24 (92.3 %) patients in Group I and 12 (100 %) of patients in Group II.
Conclusions. Specific IgG in the ELISA test was detected only in blood serum of 35.3 % of patients with erythema migrans, which may indicate immune memory or chronic process. The humoral response to the surface antigen (OspC) B. spielmanii was found in 92.3 % of patients with erythema migrans and 100.0 % of patients with acute Lyme arthritis.
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