PREVENTION OF TICK-BORNE INFECTIONS: CURRENT STATE AND PROSPECTS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/1681-2727.2022.3.13471Keywords:
antibiotic prophylaxis, repellents, vaccines, immunoglobulinsAbstract
SUMMARY. Modern data on the main species of ticks that serve as a reservoir and vector of transmission of Lyme borreliosis, tick-borne relapsing fever, human granulocytic anaplasmosis, ehrlichiosis, babesiosis and other infections are presented. The importance of the geographic information system and sanitary-educational work in the organization of appropriate preventive, therapeutic and diagnostic measures is indicated. The extended list of risk groups of infection, primary prevention measures, including the use of modern repellents was compiled.
The basic and alternative schemes of emergency antibiotic prophylaxis of Lyme borreliosis and the algorithm of physician’s actions to justify the feasibility of post-exposure prophylaxis using CDC recommendations (2022) are presented. The achievements in the specific prevention of tick-borne encephalitis and the prospect of creating a new generation of vaccines against Lyme borreliosis and other tick-borne infections were discussed. The modern possibilities of reducing the tick population in the endemic zone with the help of acaricides and the prevention of tick-borne infections in wild and domestic animals based on the concept of «one health» are highlighted separately.
The prospect of creating reservoir-targeted vaccines for administration to rodents (as the main reservoir of infection), which will help to reduce the transmission of pathogens by ticks, and the development of Borrelia-refractory ticks with a modified genome are discussed. The authors of the article advocate the principle of an integrated approach to solving topical issues of tick-borne infections prevention.
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