COVID-19 VACCINATION: EXPECTATIONS, REALITIES AND PROSPECTS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/1681-2727.2021.1.11951Keywords:
COVID-19, vaccines, efficacy, adverse reactionsAbstract
Modern approaches to the development of vaccine candidates against COVID-19, which are based on a review of the scientific literature, are highlighted. Data on safety, efficacy, routes of administration, undesirable side effects, storage conditions of Tozinameran or BNT162b2 genetic vaccines, under the trademark Comirnaty (Pfizer-BioNTech), on template RNA (mRNA) and Moderna, based on mRNA-1273 are shown. Data from preclinical studies of a promising DNA plasmid vaccine-candidate ZyCoV-D are highlighted. Viral vector vaccines have been described: ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222), known as AstraZeneca vaccine, and Ad26.COV2.S (JNJ-78436735, VAC31518), which uses the genetically modified ad26 adenovirus. Encouraging preliminary results from trials of the NVX-CoV2373 subunit candidate vaccine are presented. The inactivated vaccines BBIBP-CorV (China, Sinopharm) and CoronaVac (Sinovac Life Sciences, Beijing, China) are characterized. The expediency of vaccination of COVID-19 convalescents, pregnant women and children is covered. The problem of the effectiveness of vaccines against new mutant SARS-CoV-2 viruses is raised.
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