ANALYSIS OF ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE OF OPPORTUNISTIC MICROFLORA ISOLATED FROM COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/1681-2727.2020.3.11454Keywords:
resistance to antibiotics, opportunistic bacteria, pneumoniaeAbstract
The aim of the research was to study the sensitivity to antibiotics of the microflora isolated from patients with community-acquired pneumonia.
Patients and methods. The results of bacteriological researches of bronchial lavage fluid and sputum from 336 patients with community-acquired pneumonia were used in the work.
Results. Studies have shown absolute susceptibility of staphylococci to clarithromycin and ampicillin, S. pyogenes to ciprofloxacin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, ceftriaxone and chloramphenicol, S. anhaemolyticus to ampicillin, amoxiclav, penicillin, cefoperazone, clindamycin, clarithromycin, chloramphenicol and amikacin, S. pneumoniae to amoxiclav, cefoperazone, ceftriaxone, levofloxacin, clarithromycin, azithromycin, imipenem, and vancomycin. Streptococci of the viridans group were sensitive to chloramphenicol in 93 % of cases, and they were resistant to other antibiotics in 30–84 % of cases.
Most of the studied strains of coccal microflora were resistant to other antibiotics. Thus, 33 to 72 % of strains showed resistance to meronem, 12–46 % to imipenem, 61–90 % to oxacillin, 33–71 % to ceftazidime, 18–56 % to cefepime, and 25–48 % of strains to azithromycin, 25–46 % to levofloxacin. All studied strains of P. aeruginosa were resistant to ampicillin, oxacillin, amoxiclav, ceftazidime, cefepime and sensitive to other antibiotics ranged from 5 to 38 % of strains.
Fungi of the genus Candida showed the greatest sensitivity to nystatin (88.1 %). Clotrimazole was effective in 40.3 % of cases, ketoconazole – in 39.2 %. The lowest activity was in amphotericin (13.6 %), itraconazole (11.9 %) and fluconazole (11.4 %).
Conclusion. Thus, there is an increase in the resistance of the fungi of genus Candida to triazole antifungals and the bacterial flora isolated from patients with community-acquired pneumonia to fluoroquinolones, aminopenicillins, cephalosporins, macrolides (azithromycin), while maintaining its sensitivity to clarithromycin.
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