ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE OF OPPORTUNISTIC MICROORGANISMS: TOPICALITY, CONDITIONS OF EMERGENCY, WAYS OF OVERCOME
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/1681-2727.2019.4.10965Keywords:
antibiotics, antibiotic resistance, gram-positive bacteria, gram-negative bacteria, plasmids, antibioticAbstract
Improper use of antibiotics by humans and their application in livestock industries accelerate the emergence of antibiotic resistance. As a result, the treatment of many infectious diseases, including respiratory diseases (pneumonia, tuberculosis, etc.) becomes more difficult: the length of stay in the hospital, the cost of treatment and death rates from these ailments increase. Multidrug resistance is usually found in bacteria that cause infections, as well as in commensal microorganisms that colonize the intestinal tract, skin and upper respiratory tract. The formation of antibiotic resistance in all cases is predetermined genetically, due to the acquisition of new genetic information, or due to changes in the level of expression of their own genes. An important factor in combating the spread of antibiotic resistance is the pharmacodynamic justification of dosing regimens of antibacterial drugs, the use of a hospital form based on local data on the antibiotic resistance of specific microorganisms.
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