EPIDEMIOLOGICAL AND CLINICAL FEATURES OF RIFT-VALLEY FEVER
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/1681-2727.2019.4.10964Keywords:
Rift Valley fever virus, Rift Valley fever, Aedes vexans, bats, meningoencephalitis, biosecurityAbstract
The aim of the work is to summarize the data on the etiology, epidemiological features, clinical manifestations and approaches to laboratory diagnosis of Rift Valley fever, to provide basic WHO and CDC recommendations for the prevention and treatment of this infection.
Conclusion. The latest data on the disease caused by the Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV), its peculiarities, characteristic clinical symptoms and complications testify the particular danger of this disease to humanity. Due to the serious consequences of the disease, the possibility of major epidemics, the spread of RVF beyond Africa, it was included in the International Health Regulations (IHR) in 2005 into the group of infectious diseases “which pose a particular national and regional problem”, and the virus is classified as biological agents officially recognized as a factor of biological weapons. The RVF virus is capable to infect many animal species, leading to the development of serious diseases among cattle, sheep, camels and goats. The reservoir of the pathogen may also be antelopes and rodents. The most susceptible to the pathogen are sheep, more than 90 % of infected lambs die. The abortion rate among infected pregnant sheep reaches almost 100 %. At present, only preventive measures are the main methods of combating this infection, in line with the WHO and CDC guidelines. There are no licensed RVF vaccines available for humans. Effective treatments have not yet been developed.
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