CHARACTERISTICS OF MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN THE LUMBAR PART OF THE DIAPHRAGM OF RATS: EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/2414-4533.2024.4.15072Keywords:
carboxyperitoneum, diaphragm, rats, morphology, experimentAbstract
The aim of the work: to determine morphological changes in the pedicles of the rat diaphragm after undergoing carboxyperitoneum at a level of 5 mmHg for different periods of time.
Materials and Methods. The experimental study was performed on fifty rats aged 6 months and weighing (225.0±20.0) grams. The animals were divided into 5 groups: one intact group to study the morphology of the diaphragm and the norm, and four groups that were subjected to the creation of carboxyperitoneum with a pressure of 5 mmHg for different times. After that, the diaphragm was harvested.
Results. Morphological changes depended on the duration of carboxyperitoneum. The smallest changes occurred after 1 hour. The histological structure was almost the same as in the intact group of animals. Striated muscle fibers in most cases retained a compact arrangement and had clearly visualized transverse striation on longitudinal sections. The nuclei were mainly monomorphic and homogeneous in color and had a traditional localization under the membrane. Sarcoplasmic edema was observed, which increased the interfibrillar spaces. The nature of blood filling did not differ significantly. After 5 hours, the muscle fibers retained a compact arrangement, but their boundaries were blurred and differentiation with the stroma was lost. The sarcoplasm had a heterogeneous color - intensely eosinophilic areas of hypercontraction alternated with hypochromic ones. In the arterioles, there was edema of the walls, desquamation of the endothelium, and moderate blood filling. Perivascularly, cellular infiltrates were observed in the stroma loosened by edema, which are dominated by macrophages and lymphocytes, and fibroblasts were also present. On the preparations obtained 14 days after the created pneumoperitoneum, cross-striated muscle fibers were observed, which formed a dense layer, the cross-striation was preserved. In the endomysium and perimysium, areas of enhanced collagen formation were observed. On the cross-section, the myofibrils had a compact arrangement. The vascular bed was characterized by moderate venous congestion with signs of blood stasis in the hemocapillaries and extracapillary venules. A small amount of adipose tissue was also present here.
Conclusions. Carboxyperitoneum caused morphostructural changes in the legs of the diaphragm, the manifestation of which depended on the duration of this factor. The muscle fibers of the diaphragm swelled, the myofibrils acquired a wave-like configuration, the transverse striation was visualized fragmentarily, but the compact arrangement remained. Sarcoplasm was stained unevenly with foci of vacuolization, homogenization, and lysis.
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