STUDY OF THE ASSOCIATION OF EDUCATION LEVEL WITH CARDIOVASCULAR RISK PROFILE FOR THE ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/2414-4533.2024.4.15070Keywords:
arterial hypertension, type II diabetes, excess body weight, obesity, smoking, hypokinesia, WHO age classificationAbstract
The aim of the work: to establish a relationship between the level of education and the frequency of cardiovascular risk factors (type II diabetes, hypertension, excess body weight, smoking, hypokinesia).
Materials and Methods. The study included patients with coronary heart disease who underwent coronary bypass surgery on a working heart. The total number of people in the sample was 3674 people, the average age of the patients was 60.6±0.8 years. The material for the analysis was the data from the medical history and clinical and laboratory examination of patients prescribed by the protocol of inpatient treatment. The research design is based on the patient's age group according to the WHO age classification and the patient's gender. The relationship between education level and leading cardiovascular risk factors was calculated using the odds ratio (OR) and relative risk (RR) programs.
Results and Discussion. As a result of the study of the relationship between the level of education as a leading factor of the socio-economic status of a person, it was established that the presence of a higher education was associated with a decrease in the frequency of normal body weight compared to the corresponding frequencies in patients with a professional and technical education, (р=0.0001, χ2= 58,52). It was found that the risk of excess body weight was 1.57 times higher among persons with a higher education, compared to patients with a professional and technical education (р=0.0001, χ2=28.41). It was determined that persons with a higher education were aware of the dangers of smoking, which reduced the risk by 0.67 times compared to persons who had a vocational education (р=0.0001, χ2=22.48). It was found that persons with higher education had a 1.45 times higher risk of hypokinesia compared to persons with vocational and general secondary education, which is due to mental activity and implies a "sedentary" lifestyle. Arterial hypertension was found to be an extremely common comorbidity in patients with coronary heart disease, and its risk was 1.27 times higher in individuals with higher education compared to patients with only secondary education. It was found that the risk of type II diabetes was 1.36 times higher in persons with a higher education compared to patients who had a general secondary education and 1.15 times higher compared to persons who had a professional and technical education.
Conclusions. It was determined that among patients with coronary heart disease, 76.5 % of patients had a higher education, 20.3 % had a vocational education, and only 3.2 % had a secondary education. As a result of the study, it was determined that patients with coronary heart disease who had a higher education had a higher risk of the following cardiovascular factors: the risk of excess body weight by 1.57 times; the risk of hypokinesia is 1.45 times; 1.27 times the risk of hypertension and 1.36 times the risk of type II diabetes.
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