DETERMINATION OF PHYSICAL AND PHARMACO-TECHNOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF FLAMMULINA VELUTIPES BIOMASS DRY POWDER
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/2312-0967.2016.2.6643Keywords:
biomass, Flammulina velutipes, physical properties, pharmaco-technological properties.Abstract
Introduction. An evaluation of the physical, chemical and technological properties of a drug substance is usually the first step in the development of a solid dosage form, because these parameters allow to predict problems which may occur at the stage of formulation, testing and manufacture. One of the most important properties of the substance is flowability, that affects such processes as transfer, storage, blending and compaction of the material. Flowability depends on a number of factors: shape and particle size, fractional (granulametric) composition, bulk density and tapped density, angle of repose etc.
Recently, micro- and macromycetes attract the attention of scientists as a new source of important biologically active substances with a wide spectrum of pharmacological action. Medicinal and edible mushroom Flammulina (F.) velutipes has a long history of usage in Japan and China folk medicine as the immune-stimulating, anti-cancer, antioxidant and antiviral agent. Previous studies have shown that the mushroom’s biomass has immunomodulatory properties, shows no toxic effects on animals and is a promising substance for drugs and health care facilities development [1, 5, 6].
Thus, the purpose of this work was to study the physical and pharmaco-technological characteristics of medicinal mushroom’s Flammulina velutipes powdered dry biomass for the possibility of its further usage in the new drugs developing.
Materials and methods
The object of the study was F. velutipes biomass, obtained by biotechnological synthesis (cultivation on the amaranth flour aqueous suspension). The biomass was separated and dried in a vacuum freeze dryer Cryodos-500 (Terrasa, Spain). Substance was grinded in a laboratory mill for 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 seconds. Determination of the particle size was made by sieving through a set of standard sieves №1400, 355, 180, 125 [4]. Shape, size and surface properties of a powder were studied using optical microscope XSM-20, supplied with a eyepiece-micrometer with 400 magnification [2].
We used four methods to determine the biomass flow properties – compressibility index, Hausner ratio, angle of repose and the rate of flow through the funnel (flowability) [3].
Results and discussion
Dried biomass was grinded by laboratory mill to the formation of a visually homogeneous yellow-brown powder (optimal duration of grinding was 30 seconds).
According to the requirements of Ukrainian State Pharmacopoeia F.velutipes biomass dry powder is moderately fine powder. The main fraction of biomass is a powder in the form of small conglomerates of translucent crystals and their irregular particles with pointed edges and complex (rough) surface with the size of 108-350 micrometers (before sieving) and 126-223 micrometers (after sieving through sieves №355 and №180).
The results of F. velutipes dry biomass flow properties determination show that the material has fair flowability and is acceptable for manufacturing purposes [7, 8].
So, we can assume that to produce solid dosage forms based on F. velutipes biomass dry powder it is possible to use the method of direct compressing in the case of dry excipients addition.
Conclusions
1. The physical and pharmaco-technological properties of the substance – medicinal and edible mushroom’s F. velutipes biomass dry powder (fractional composition, bulk density, tapped density, compressibility index, Hausner ratio, angle of repose, flowability) were identified.
2. It was established, that the substance has pharmaco-technological properties that require the introduction of excipients for their correction during pressing.
3. The results are important for further research on the development of composition and technology of tablets based on F. velutipes biomass dry powder.References
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