CHROMATOGRAPHIC PROFILES OF POLYPHENOLS AND TERPENOIDS IN THE HERBS OF SOME THYMUS L. REPRESENTATIVES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/2312-0967.2022.1.13054Keywords:
Thymus pulegioides, Thymus richardii, Thymus vulgaris, cultivar, herb, TLC, GC/MS, polyphenols, terpenoidsAbstract
The aim of the work. To perform the identification of phenolic compounds and terpenoids in the aerial parts of Thymus pulegioides (cultivar ‘2/6-07’), Thymus richardii (cultivar 'Fantasy') and Thymus vulgaris (cultivar ‘Jalos’) using thin layer chromatography (TLC), as well as to conduct the gas-chromatographic analysis of Thymus richardii essential oil.
Materials and Methods. The TLC method was used in this study for the qualitative analyses of polyphenols and non-polar compounds in the aerial part of three Thyme (Thymus L.) species of the Lamiaceae Martinov family cultivated in Kherson region (Ukraine). The volatile compounds were determined in the essential oil of Thymus richardii Pers. by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC/MS) method.
Results and Discussion. Rosmarinic and caffeic acids were identified in the methanol extracts of all three Thymus representatives. Luteolin was identified clearly only in the Thymus richardii herb whilst the weak zone of apigenin was found only in Thymus vulgaris. The TLC-analysis of terpenoids showed the presence of the clearly spot of thymol only in the methylene chloride extract of Thymus vulgaris aerial part. The weak zones of β-sitosterol were visible in the chromatograms of all three Thymus species. The major volatile constituent of the Thymus richardii Pers. essential oil was linalool (38.60 %), followed by linalyl acetate (18.26 %) and thymol (8.41 %). These predominant compounds possess the significant therapeutic potential.
Conclusions. The used chromatographic techniques could be regarded as the simple and reliable methods for the phytochemical authentication of the studied Thymus cultivars.
References
The Plant List. Available from: http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/search?q=thymus
Gedikoğlu A, Sökmen M, Çivit A. Evaluation of Thymus vulgaris and Thymbra spicata essential oils and plant extracts for chemical composition, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties. Food Sci. Nutr. 2019;7(5):1704-14.
Jafri H, Ahmad I. Thymus vulgaris essential oil and thymol inhibit biofilms and interact synergistically with antifungal drugs against drug resistant strains of Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis. J Med Mycol. 2020;30(1): 100911
Jarić S, Mitrović M, Pavlović P. Review of ethnobotanical, phytochemical, and pharmacological study of Thymus serpyllum L. Evid Based Complement. Alternat Med. 2015; Article 101978
Salehi B, Mishra AP, Shukla I, Sharifi-Rad M, Contreras M, Segura-Carretero A et al. Thymol, thyme, and other plant sources: Health and potential uses. J. Phytotherapy research. 2018;32(9): 1688-706.
Shanaida M, Hudz N, Bialon M, Kryvtsova M, Svydenko L, Filipska A, Wieczorek PP. Chromatographic profiles and antimicrobial activity of essential oils obtained from some species and cultivars of the Mentheae tribe (Lamiaceae). Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences. 2021;28(11): 6145-52.
The State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine: Ukrainian Scientific Pharmacopoeia Center of Quality of Medicinal Products. Ed.2. [Державна Фармакопея України: ДП «Український науково-експертний фармакопейний центр якості лікарських засобів». 2-е вид. Харків: ДП «Український науково-експертний фармакопейний центр якості лікарських засобів»] Kharkiv: Ukrainian Scientific Pharmacopoeia Center of Quality of Medicinal Products. 2014. Ukrainian.
European Pharmacopoeia, 2020. 10th ed. Council of Europe: Strasbourg, France.
Mockute D, Bernotiene G. Five chemotypes of the essential oils of Thymus pulegioides L. growing wild in Lithuania. J. Essential Oil Bearing Plants. 2003;6(3): 139-47.
Prieto J-M, Bader A, Martini F, Ríos J-L, Morelli I. Screening of some rare endemic Italian plants for inhibitory activity on 5-lipoxygenase. Fitoterapia. 2005;76(7-8): 725-7.
Stojanović G, Jovanović O, Petrović G, Mitić V, Jovanović VS, Jovanović S. Composition of headspace volatiles and essential oils of three Thymus species. Nat. Prod. Commun. 2014;9(11); 1609-12.
Vaičiulytė V, Butkienė R, Ložienė K. Effects of meteorological conditions and plant growth stage on the accumulation of carvacrol and its precursors in Thymus pulegioides. Phytochemistry. 2016;128: 20-6.
Mohammadi S, Tabrizi L, Shokrpour M, Hadian J, Schulz H, Riewe D. Morphological and phytochemical screening of some Thymus ecotypes (Thymus spp.) native to Iran in order to select elite genotypes. J Appl Bot Food Qual. 2020;93: 186-96.
Vronska LV. Αpplication of thin layer chromatography method for lemon balm herb identification. Farm chasop. 2011;4: 64-7. Ukrainian.
Silva Júnior JOC, Ribeiro Costa RM, Teixeira FM, Barbosa WLR. Рrocessing and quality control of herbal drugs and their derivatives. In: Quality control of herbal medicines and related areas. Ed. by рrof. Y. Shoyama. 2011; InTech.
Hitl M, Kladar N, Gavarić N, Božin B. Rosmarinic acid - human pharmacokinetics and health benefits. Planta Medica. 2021;87(4): 273-82.
Shanaida M, Golembiovska O, Jasicka-Misiak I, Oleshchuk O, Beley N, Kernychna I, Wieczorek PP. Sedative effect and standardization parameters of herbal medicinal product obtained from the Ocimum americanum L. herb. European Pharmaceutical Journal. 2021;AoP: 1-9.
Taghouti M, Martins-Gomes C, Schäfer J, Félix LM, Santos JA, Bunzel M, Nunes FM, Silva AM. Thymus pulegioides L. as a rich source of antioxidant, anti-proliferative and neuroprotective phenolic compounds. Food & Function. 2018;9(7): 3617-29.
Shanaida MI. Phytochemical analysis of terpenic compounds in raw materials of some representatives of the tribe Mentheae (Lamiaceae Family). Farm chasop. 2021;3: 5-13. Ukrainian.
Herman A, Tambor K, Herman A. Linalool affects the antimicrobial efficacy of essential oils. Curr. Microbiol. 2016;72(2): 165-72.
An Q, Ren JN, Li X, Fan G, Qu SS, Song Y, Li Y, Pan S. Y. Recent updates on bioactive properties of linalool. Food & function. 2021;12(21): 10370-89.
Rai VK., Sinha P, Yadav KS, Shukla A, Saxena A, Bawankule DU et al. Anti-psoriatic effect of Lavandula angustifolia essential oil and its major components linalool and linalyl acetate. Journal of ethnopharmacology. 2020;261: 113127.
Kumar Singh V, Das S, Kumar Dwivedy A, Kumar Chaudhari A, Upadhyay N, Dubey N K. Assessment of chemically characterized Salvia sclarea L. essential oil and its combination with linalyl acetate as novel plant based antifungal, antiaflatoxigenic and antioxidant agent against herbal drugs contamination and probable mode of action. Nat. prod. res. 2019: 1-6.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Pharmaceutical Review / Farmacevtičnij časopis
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
The authors who publish their materials in this journal agree with the following terms:
- Authors reserve the right to authorship of their work and assign to the journal the right to first publish this work under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which allows other persons to freely distribute the published work with a mandatory reference to the authors of original work and the first publication of work in this journal
. - Authors have the right to make independent extra-exclusive work agreements in the form they are published by this journal (for example, posting work in an electronic repository of an institution or publishing as part of a monograph), provided that the link to the first publication of the work in this journal is maintained.
Journal policy allows and encourages publication of manuscripts on the Internet (for example, in institutions repositories or on personal websites), both before the publication of this manuscript and during its editorial review, as it contributes to productive scientific discussion and positively affects the efficiency and dynamics of the citation of the published work (see The Effect of Open Access).
