STRESS RESILIENCE OF HIGHER EDUCATION STUDENTS IN THE CONDITIONS OF WAR AND DISTANCE LEARNING: ANALYSIS OF ANXIETY AND STRESS LEVELS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/m.2414-5998.2025.4.15853Keywords:
stress; stress resistance; anxiety; higher education students; distance learning; war; adaptation.Abstract
Abstract. The events of recent years worldwide – beginning with the COVID-19 pandemic and the armed invasion of Ukraine by Russia on February 24, 2022 – have become a powerful trigger for profound transformations in both the labor sphere and education. The distance form of education has become an essential tool for ensuring the continuity of the educational process under wartime conditions in Ukraine; however, online learning represents an additional stressogenic factor. The article is devoted to the study of the levels of stress resistance, anxiety, and manifestations of stress among higher education students in the context of war and distance learning, aiming to assess the specific features of young people’s psycho-emotional state during a crisis period. The understanding of stress resistance is expanded as a psychological trait that ensures the mobilization of adaptive resources, the development of self-regulation, and emotional competence under challenging life circumstances. It has been established that higher education students under wartime and distance learning conditions face sleep and memory disturbances, reduced attention, decreased thinking speed, and changes in attitudes toward learning, which indicate a decline in their level of stress resistance. The analysis of data obtained using V. Shcherbatykh’s method showed that emotional and behavioral manifestations of stress are the most pronounced within the studied group; therefore, stress in this sample is primarily expressed at the psychological level, affecting emotional states, interpersonal relationships, and behavioral reactions. The obtained correlation coefficient between stress indicators (according to V. Shcherbatykh’s method) and personal anxiety indicators (according to Ch. Spielberger’s method) – r≈0,999 – indicates an exceptionally strong positive relationship between the levels of stress and personal anxiety among students. This emphasizes the need for further research aimed at developing effective stress management strategies in distance learning to improve the quality of life and educational performance of university students.
References
Bilova, M.E. (2007). Psykholohichni osoblyvosti osib z riznym rivnem stresostiikosti (na prykladi pratsivnykiv stresohennykh profesii) [Psychological characteristics of individuals with different levels of stress resistance: a study of employees in stressful professions]: avtoref. dys. ... kand. psykh. nauk : 19.00.01. Odesa. 20. [in Ukrainian].
Byshevets, N.H., Andrieieva, O.V. (2024). Vplyv stresohennykh chynnykiv na zdorovia ta povedinkovi rozlady studentskoi molodi [The impact of stress-inducing factors on health and behavioral disorders in university students]. Sportyvna medytsyna, fizychna terapiia ta erhoterapiia ‒ Sports Medicine, Physical Therapy, and Ergotherapy, 14, 113–121. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32652/ spmed.2024.1.113-122 [in Ukrainian].
Hruzynska, I. (2022). Problema emotsiinoho reahuvannia na stresovi sytuatsii v umovakh voiennoho stanu [The Issue of emotional responses to stressful situations under martial law]. Visnyk Natsionalnoho aviatsiinoho universytetu. Seriia: Pedahohika, Psykholohiia ‒ Bulletin of the National Aviation University. Series: Pedagogy, Psychology, 2(21), 97‒107. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18372/2411-264X.21.17096 [in Ukrainian].
Dziubko, L.V., Tereshchenko, A.O. (2024). Psykholohichna stiikist osobystosti yak osnova aktyvizatsii samovykhovannia studentiv medychnykh VUZiv v umovakh nevyznachenosti [psychological resilience as a basis for promoting self-development of medical university students under conditions of uncertainty]. Psykholohichni resursy rozvytku osobystisnoi v umovakh nevyznachenosti osvitnoho prostoru : zbirnyk materialiv nauk. dop. I Vseukr. nauk.-prakt. konf. (m. Kyiv, 23 zhovtnia 2024 roku). Kyiv : Instytut psykholohii imeni H.S. Kostiuka NAPN Ukrainy, 67–75. [in Ukrainian].
Zhyhailo, N., Sholubka, T. (2022). Formuvannia psykholohichnoi stiikosti studentiv ZVO pid chas viiny [Development of psychological resilience in university students during wartime]. Visnyk Lvivskoho universytetu. Seriia psykholohichni nauky – Bulletin of Lviv University. Series: Psychological Sciences, 14, 3–14. DOI: https://doi.org/10.30970/PS.2022.14.1 [in Ukrainian].
Zabezpechennia psykholohichnoi stiikosti viiskovosluzhbovtsiv v umovakh boiovykh dii [Ensuring psychological resilience of military personnel in combat conditions]: metod. posibnyk / O.M. Kokun ta in. Kyiv ; Odesa : Feniks, 2022. 128. [in Ukrainian].
Kresan, O.D., Smolianinova, S.V., Kresan, T.D. (2023). Psykholohichni aspekty navchannia studentiv VNZ v sytuatsii nadzvychainoho stanu [Psychological aspects of university students’ learning in a state of emergency]. Habitus. Naukovyi zhurnal z sotsiolohii ta psykholohii – Habitus. Scientific Journal of Sociology and Psychology, 45, 64–68. [in Ukrainian].
Lazarenko, V., Sanina, N. (2022). Psykholohichnyi stan studentiv zakladu vyshchoi osvity pid chas viiny [Psychological State of University Students during Wartime]. Materialy konferentsii MNL (22 kvitnia 2022 r., m. Ternopil), 239–240. [in Ukrainian].
Mykhailyshyn, U.B., Sukhan, V.S., Antalovtsi, O.V. (2023). Psykholohichnyi stan zdobuvachiv vyshchoi osvity v period voiennoho stanu [Psychological state of higher education students during martial law]. Naukovyi visnyk Uzhhorodskoho natsionalnoho universytetu. Seriia: Psykholohiia – Scientific Bulletin of Uzhhorod National University. Series: Psychology, 2, 27–33. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32782/ psy-visnyk/2023.2.5 [in Ukrainian].
Moroz, L.I., Safin, O.D. (2022). Model rozvytku stresostiikosti zdobuvachiv vyshchoi osvity v umovakh voiennoho stanu [Model of stress resistance development in higher education students under martial law]. Vcheni zapysky TNU imeni V.I. Vernadskoho. Seriia: Psykholohiia ‒ Scientific Notes of V.I. Vernadsky Taurida National University. Series: Psychology, 34 (73), 5: 48‒53. DOI: https://doi.org/ 10.32782/2709-3093/2022.5/08 [in Ukrainian].
Potapiuk, L.M. (2023). Osoblyvosti formuvannia stresostiikosti studentiv v umovakh rosiiskoukrainskoi viiny [Features of developing stress resistance in students during the russian-ukrainian war]. Naukovyi visnyk Uzhhorodskoho natsionalnoho universytetu. Seriia: Psykholohiia – Scientific Bulletin of Uzhhorod National University. Series: Psychology, 2, 34–38. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32782/psyvisnyk/ 2023.2.6 [in Ukrainian].
Psykholohiia stresu ta stresovykh rozladiv [Psychology of stress and stress disorders]: navch. posib. / uklad. O.Yu. Ovcharenko. Kyiv : Universytet «Ukraina», 2023, 266. [in Ukrainian].
Pukhno, S. (2023). Stresostiikist studentiv zakladiv vyshchoi osvity yak psykholohichna problema [Stress resistance of higher education students as a psychological issue]. Slobozhanskyi naukovyi visnyk. Seriia Psykholohiia – Slobozhanskyi Scientific Bulletin. Series: Psychology, 1, 44–48. DOI: https:// doi.org/10.32782/psyspu/2023.1.7 [in Ukrainian].
Syvohrakova, Z.A. (2010). Psykholohichni osoblyvosti podolannia studentamy skladnykh zhyttievykh sytuatsii [Psychological Characteristics of How Students Overcome Difficult Life Situations] : dys. ... kand. psykh. nauk: 19.00.07. Kyiv. 289. [in Ukrainian]. 15. Stepova, A.S. (2018). Psykholohichni osoblyvosti stresostiikosti osib yunatskoho viku [Psychological Characteristics of Stress Resistance in Adolescents]. Molodyi vchenyi – Young Scientist, 9(2), 314–319. [in Ukrainian]
Kharko, O. (2022). Praktychni rekomendatsii dotrymannia psykholohichnykh umov formuvannia stresostiikosti studentiv ZVO v navchalnomu protsesi [Practical recommendations for maintaining psychological conditions for developing stress resistance in university students during the educational process]. Naukovi zapysky Natsionalnoho universytetu «Ostrozka akademiia». Seriia «Psykholohiia» – Scientific Notes of the National University of Ostroh Academy. Series: Psychology, 14, 46–56. DOI: https://doi.org/ 10.25264/2415-7384-2022-14-46-56 [in Ukrainian].
Kharadzhy, M., Trunina, H. (2023). Emotsiino- psykholohichnyi stan studentskoi molodi pid chas viiny [Emotional and psychological state of university students during wartime]. Perspektyvy ta innovatsii nauky – Perspectives and Innovations in Science, 12, 793–801. DOI: https://doi.org/ 10.52058/2786-4952-2023-12(30)-793-801 [in Ukrainian].
Tsymbaliuk, M., Zhyhailo, N. (2022). Formuvannia stresostiikosti studentiv v umovakh viiny dlia pravovoho ta yevrointehratsiinoho protsesiv [Development of stress resistance in students during wartime for legal and european integration processes]. Visnyk Lvivskoho universytetu. Seriia psykholohichni nauky – Bulletin of Lviv University. Series: Psychological Sciences, 128–136. DOI: https://doi.org/ 10.30970/PS.2022.spec.17 [in Ukrainian].
Cherepiekhina, O.A., Bulanov, A.V. (2023). Akademichna prokrastynatsiia ukrainskykh studentiv yak proiav fenomenu vymushenoho onlain-navchannia [Academic Procrastination of Ukrainian Students as a Manifestation of the Forced Online Learning Phenomenon]. The VI International Scientific and Practical Conference «Modern ways of solving the problems of science in the world» (February 13–15) Warsaw, Poland, 342‒349. [in Ukrainian].
Shkuropat, A. (2024). Efektyvnist asynkhronnoho rezhymu dystantsiinoho navchannia studentivbiolohiv v umovakh voiennoho stanu [The effectiveness of asynchronous distance learning for biology students under martial law]. Visnyk Cherkaskoho natsionalnoho universytetu imeni Bohdana Khmelnytskoho Seriia «Pedahohichni nauky» – Bulletin of Bohdan Khmelnytsky Cherkasy National University. Series: Pedagogical Sciences, 3, 96–102. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31651/2524-2660-2024-3-96-102 [in Ukrainian].
Yurieva, N.V., Pasichnyk, V.I. (2017). Motyvatsiini resursy stresostiikosti viiskovosluzhbovtsiv pidrozdiliv Natsionalnoi hvardii Ukrainy z konvoiuvannia, ekstradytsii ta okhorony pidsudnykh [Motivational resources for stress resistance of National Guard of Ukraine personnel in units responsible for escorting, extradition, and custody of detainees] : monohrafiia. Kharkiv : NA NHU. 226. [in Ukrainian].
Sadigov, R., Yıldırım, E., Kocaçınar, B., et al. (2024). Deep learning-based user experience evaluation in distance learning. Cluster Comput, 27, 443–455. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/ s10586-022-03918-3
