Formatting Guidelines

The journal accepts previously unpublished research articles, reviews of newly published books, and reports on scientific events and academic activities that correspond to the journal’s scope and reflect current trends in the development of professional medical education.

Only one article per author may be published in a single issue of the journal. The number of authors of one manuscript should not exceed three. The editorial board particularly welcomes manuscripts submitted in English.

Authors are asked to carefully distinguish between American and British spelling conventions and use one variant consistently throughout the manuscript. A mandatory requirement for all submissions is a high standard of the original text or English translation. Manuscripts written in poor language or containing low-quality English translations will not be considered, and no further correspondence with the author will be conducted.

The manuscript should be clear, logical, and well structured, and the text should be stylistically polished and free of unnecessary repetition. The author(s) bear full responsibility for the accuracy of the data presented, correct citation of sources, and proper formatting of references.

Recommended Length and Technical Requirements for Research Articles

The recommended length of a manuscript is 8–12 pages (approximately 14,000–22,000 characters including spaces).

Manuscripts should be prepared according to the following technical requirements:

  • Font: Times New Roman
  • Font size: 14 pt
  • Line spacing: 1.5
  • Margins: 2 cm on all sides
  • Paragraph indent: 1 cm

Paragraph formatting using spaces or tabulation is not allowed. Hyphenation in the text should not be used. Page numbers should not be inserted. The manuscript should be submitted as a Microsoft Word document (*.doc format).

Additional Formatting Requirements

  • All tables and figures must be referenced in the text.
  • Tables must have titles placed above the table (as a separate paragraph without indentation) and should be numbered according to their order of appearance in the text.
  • Each figure must have a caption placed below the figure (as a separate centered paragraph without indentation). The caption must not be embedded in the figure itself. Figures should be numbered according to their order of appearance in the text.
  • All illustrations, graphs, and tables should be placed directly in the text where they are relevant, rather than at the end of the manuscript.
  • All units of measurement and numerical data should be presented in accordance with the International System of Units (SI).
  • Italic type should be used for emphasis instead of underlining.
  • Authors should distinguish between an en dash (–) and a hyphen (-).
  • Double quotation marks (“ ”) should be used in the text.
  • The apostrophe should appear in the following form: ’.

DOI (Digital Object Identifier) – a universal digital identifier used in the CrossRef bibliographic reference system – is assigned by the editorial office.

The manuscript must be structured in accordance with the following requirements:

The UDC (Universal Decimal Classification) index should be placed before the title of the article, on a separate line in the upper left corner. The UDC index is provided by the author.

Information about the author(s) must be provided in both Ukrainian and English and should include the author’s first name and surname as well as institutional affiliation. On the line below, the ORCID iD must be indicated. The ORCID iD is provided by the author.

The title of the article should avoid overly complex terminology or pseudo-scientific expressions. The title should be written in capital letters, placed as a separate paragraph without indentation, and center-aligned. The title must be provided in both Ukrainian and English.

The abstract must be provided in Ukrainian and English. Each abstract should contain at least 1,800 characters including spaces and should comply with the requirements of international scientometric databases.

Keywords are terms from the text that carry essential meaning for information retrieval and indexing purposes. Keywords should be provided in Ukrainian and English, in the nominative form. The total number of keywords should be no fewer than five and no more than nine.

 

Structural Components of an Empirical Article

 

Introduction.

The aim of the article

Methods.

Results and Discussion.

Conclusions.

Funding

Conflict of Interest

Author Contributions

References

E-mail address of the corresponding author

 

Structural Components of a THEORETICAL Article

 

Introduction.

The aim of the article

Theoretical Framework.

Conclusions.

Funding

Conflict of Interest

Author Contributions

References

E-mail address for correspondence

 

Each of the following sections must be formatted in bold.

Introduction

This section should present the current state of the research problem, including an analysis of recent scientific studies and publications with references to sources published within the last 5–8 years. The introduction should substantiate the relevance of the research topic, define the aim of the study, and highlight the scientific novelty of the work.

Aim of the Research

The author should clearly and concisely formulate the main objective of the research, defining its focus and specific tasks. The aim should imply a comprehensive theoretical and/or empirical analysis of the phenomenon under investigation.

Research Methods

This section should describe the main stages of the study and justify the choice of methods, methodology, and research approaches used to obtain new scientific results. If the article contains an empirical component, the strategy and criteria for sample formation should be explained, and the experimental base of the study should be indicated. The proposed methodology should provide a clear and comprehensive description of the research process, enabling other researchers to reproduce the study when using similar materials and methods.

Results and Discussion

This section should present the main findings of the study, supported by a thorough justification of the obtained scientific results. All tables and graphical materials must be accompanied by the results of statistical data analysis. Authors should avoid evaluative judgments, detailed descriptions of methodologies, or direct repetition of data already presented in tables or figures within the text. Quantitative indicators should be rounded in accordance with established statistical rules, taking into account the average error of the study. The results should be well substantiated, methodologically sound, novel, and of practical significance.

Theoretical Framework

The theoretical section represents the main substantive component of a theoretical article and should provide a systematic and logically structured presentation of scientific concepts related to the research topic. In this section, the author summarizes, systematizes, and compares existing scientific approaches, concepts, and theories; defines the conceptual and categorical framework of the research; substantiates the author’s own scientific position; and formulates theoretical generalizations, models, classifications, or conceptual propositions, where applicable. The section should contain appropriate references to the sources used and demonstrate a logical and coherent structure of the argumentation. The content should be analytical rather than purely descriptive. The length and internal structure of the theoretical section depend on the specific research topic; however, the text should remain clearly structured, with subsections used where appropriate.

Conclusions

The conclusions should clearly and concisely reflect the results of the study and correspond to the aim and title of the article. Direct repetition of the abstract is not permitted.

Funding

In this section, authors must indicate the sources of financial support received for conducting the research.

If no funding was received, authors should include the following statement:

“The author(s) declare that no funding was received for the conduct of this research and the preparation of this article.” Alternatively, the statement “None” may be used.

Conflict of Interest

Authors are required to disclose all potential sources of conflict of interest. A potential conflict of interest is understood as any interest or relationship (financial or otherwise) that could be perceived as influencing the author’s objectivity or impartiality. Information on conflicts of interest must be disclosed if they are directly or indirectly related to the submitted manuscript. The presence of a conflict of interest does not automatically preclude publication of the manuscript. If no conflict of interest exists, authors must indicate this at the time of submission and include the corresponding statement in the Conflict of Interest section. The corresponding author is responsible for ensuring that all co-authors are familiar with this policy. Failure to properly disclose conflicts of interest during submission or peer review may result in rejection of the manuscript or other editorial actions.

If no conflict of interest exists, authors should include the following statement:

“The author(s) declare that there are no real or potential conflicts of interest.” Alternatively, the statement “None” may be used.

Author Contributions

The journal requires a clear description of each author’s contribution in accordance with the CRediT (Contributor Roles Taxonomy), based on the following criteria:

 

Author Contributions

Conceptualization

Conceptualization of the research idea and formulation of the objectives.

Methodology

Development of the research methodology and study design.

Software

Design and development of computer programs and supporting algorithms for data processing.

Validation

Verification of the reproducibility of research results, experiments, and other scientific outcomes, carried out both within and independently of the research activity.

Formal Analysis

Application of statistical, mathematical, and computational methods for data analysis, synthesis, and interpretation of research findings.

Investigation

Conducting the research process, including performing experiments or collecting data and evidence.

Resources

Provision of materials, reagents, laboratory samples, instruments, computational resources, or other analytical tools necessary for the research.

Data Curation

Annotation, organization, and preservation of research data to ensure its further use and reuse.

Writing – Original Draft

Preparation and drafting of the initial version of the manuscript, including writing the text and providing substantive translation where necessary.

Writing – Review & Editing

Critical review, peer evaluation, and editorial revision of the manuscript by members of the research group at both pre- and post-publication stages.

Visualization

Development and preparation of visualization tools (figures, graphs, diagrams, tables) for the proper presentation of research results in the publication.

Supervision

Oversight and responsibility for planning and conducting the research, as well as scientific supervision.

Project Administration

Organizational support and coordination of the planning and execution of the research project.

Funding Acquisition

Organization and provision of financial support for the research project that formed the basis of this publication.

 

All co-authors must review the final version of the manuscript and provide their consent for publication.

The contribution of each author should be indicated in Ukrainian or English in accordance with the following format:

Tetiana Khvalyboha – conceptualization; data curation; … ;

Edvard Protner – writing – original draft; writing – review & editing; supervision; … .

All authors have reviewed and approved the final manuscript prior to submission.

In-Text Citations and References

In-Text Citations

Citations within the text must follow the APA Style international standard. An in-text citation should include the author’s surname and the year of publication. In the case of a direct quotation, the page number must also be indicated. If a source has two authors, both surnames should be provided. If a source has three or more authors, the surname of the first author should be given followed by et al.

Examples:

  • (Vykhrushch, 2019, p. 63)
  • (Yelahina & Fedchyshyn, 2021)
  • (Korda et al., 2023)

All sources must be listed in English and arranged alphabetically according to the APA Style (latest edition). For compiling the References list, authors are advised to consult the following resource: or use other online citation generator services.

Formatting of the References Section

The References section is required for the proper indexing of citations by scientometric and search databases. Sources originally published in Cyrillic should be provided in transliterated form (https://www.slovnyk.ua/services/translit.php) with an English translation of the title. References should be numbered and formatted according to the APA international bibliographic standard.

The reference entry should be structured as follows:

  • author’s surname and initials (transliteration);
  • year of publication in parentheses;
  • transliterated title of the publication followed by the English translation in square brackets;
  • transliterated title of the source (journal, conference proceedings), followed by the English title after a dash;
  • publication details (place of publication, publisher) should be provided in transliterated form;
  • at the end of the reference entry, indicate the language of the original publication, e.g. [in Ukrainian] or [in German].

To improve the quality of scientific citations, the DOI of the source (if available) must be provided as an active link in the format: https://doi.org/…

Quantitative and Qualitative Requirements for Citations

The recommended number of references is: 10–20 sources for original research articles; up to 45 sources for review articles. Self-citations (including those of co-authors) should not exceed 10% of the total number of references. Authors are encouraged to cite recent scholarly works published within the last 5–8 years, preferably sources with a Digital Object Identifier (DOI).

Restriction on the Use of Publications from the Aggressor State

The journal does not permit the citation in the text or inclusion in the References list of sources published in Russian in any country, as well as sources in other languages if they were published in the territory of the Russian Federation or the Republic of Belarus.

Manuscripts that do not comply with the above requirements will not be accepted for publication.

References formatting requirements

Example of article formatting