MORPHOFUNCTIONAL FEATURES OF PLACENTA DURING POST-TERM PREGNANCY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/24116-4944.2017.2.7693Keywords:
post-term pregnancy, placental morphology.Abstract
The aim of the study – to investigate the morphofunctional features of placenta of woman in labor during post-term pregnancy.
Materials and methods. A dynamic observation of 15 pregnant women after their hospitalization to discharge after delivery. Women were divided into two groups: the first group – 10 pregnant women with post-term pregnancy after 42 weeks; second group – 5 women with physiological pregnancy. After birth we took amniotic membranes, placenta and umbilical cord. We conducted macroscopic and microscopic examination. After macroscopic examination of placenta we excised pieces of amnion, umbilical cord and placenta. Histological material was fixed in 4 % neutral formalin.
Results and discussion. It is shown, that delivery after post-term pregnancy is characterized by following complications: premature rupture of membranes, abnormal delivery, fetal distress syndrome, trauma of delivery routes, increasing the amount of surgical interventions during delivery. After morphofunctional investigations of placenta we stated, that the post-term pregnancy is characterized by bigger intensity of pathological changes of placenta, including pathological immaturity and significant increase of small and medium sized villi count, massive deposits of fibrinoid around the villi and in intravillous space; aggregation of terminal villi, thinning of syncytiotrophoblast on the background of low compensatory responses.
Conclusions. Morphofunctional changes of placenta in women with post-term pregnancy with changing of the structure of placenta can be one of the causes of pregnancy prolongation. Dystrophic processes of amnion, decreased production and resorption of amniotic fluid, edema of amnion compact layer and Wharton’s jelly, separation of umbilical artery walls are the signs of violation of placental blood supply and the risk factors of negative influence on the fetus.
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