MODERN APPROACHES TO THE DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF CHRONIC ENDOMETRITIS AND THEIR IMPACT ON FEMALE FERTILITY
(LITERATURE REVIEW)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/24116-4944.2025.2.15798Keywords:
chronic endometritis, endometrium, reproductive function, infertility, diagnosis, hysteroscopy, assisted reproductive technologies, embryo implantation, microbiomeAbstract
The aim of the study – to summarize current evidence regarding the pathogenesis, diagnostic tools, and therapeutic options for chronic endometritis (CE), as well as to evaluate its impact on female fertility.
Materials and Methods. A systematic review and comparative analysis of scientific publications indexed in PubMed, Google Scholar, and ResearchGate, as well as contemporary literature from the last five years, were conducted. The selection criteria included original research, review articles, and meta-analyses addressing chronic endometritis and its influence on women’s reproductive function.
Results and Discussion. This review presents an integrated analysis of up-to-date research on chronic endometritis, a clinically significant condition with increasing prevalence and a well-established negative impact on female reproductive health. CE is characterized by persistent inflammation of the endometrium, leading to structural alterations, impaired endometrial receptivity, and reduced implantation potential in both natural conception and assisted reproductive technology (ART) cycles. The review consolidates current knowledge regarding the involvement of the endometrial microbiome, local immune dysregulation, morphological changes, and fibrosis in the pathogenesis of CE. Recent studies highlight the importance of accurate and sensitive diagnostic approaches – particularly hysteroscopy, histopathological evaluation, immunohistochemical CD138 testing, and molecular microbiome profiling. The effectiveness of contemporary therapeutic strategies is also discussed, including antibiotic regimens, probiotics, immunomodulatory therapy, and emerging regenerative methods aimed at restoring endometrial receptivity.
Conclusions. Chronic endometritis plays a significant role in reproductive dysfunction, contributing to reduced endometrial receptivity, impaired implantation, and lower success rates in both spontaneous conception and ART. Early, sensitive, and comprehensive diagnostic strategies substantially improve the likelihood of timely detection. Personalized treatment aimed at restoring the endometrial microbiome, reducing inflammation, and improving functional endometrial capacity significantly increases the chances of achieving pregnancy.
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