SCREENING EXAMINATION OF VITAMIN D LEVEL IN PREGNANT WOMEN
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/24116-4944.2025.1.15403Keywords:
vitamin D, complicated pregnancy, coronavirus diseaseAbstract
The aim of the study – to evaluate the screening examination of vitamin D levels in pregnant women.
Materials and Methods. 100 pregnant women with D vitamin hypovitaminosis, who were registered in the women’s consultation of the city perinatal center of the Ternopil municipal city hospital No. 2, and 30 healthy pregnant women were under observation. All pregnant women, aged 20 to 37 years (average (27.6±2.4) years), were residents of the Ternopil region, located in the western part of Ukraine within 48–50° north latitude. The study was conducted in accordance with the questionnaire developed by us and the determination of the level of 25 (OH) D in blood serum; statistical processing of the data was carried out.
Results and Discussion. Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency were found in 67 % of the examined pregnant women. The optimal level of vitamin D was observed only in 33 % of pregnant women. In women with vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency, a history of miscarriage was observed significantly more often (in 29.2 %) than in women with optimal vitamin D content (p=0.0165), in pregnant women with vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency, pregnancy was complicated by miscarriage 9 times more often, insulin resistance was determined in 48 % of pregnant women in the third trimester. A relationship was established between vitamin D deficiency and the appearance of insulin resistance against the background of excessive body weight gain during pregnancy (p=0.034). Mild preeclampsia was diagnosed in 30 % of women with insufficient vitamin D levels versus 11 % in pregnant women with sufficient vitamin D levels in the third trimester. Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency in the third trimester accompanied pregnant women who contracted coronavirus disease 8.6 times more often than in healthy pregnant women in the third trimester of pregnancy.
Conclusions. Sufficient vitamin D levels should be considered as a determining indicator for preventing such complications of pregnancy as insulin resistance, gestational diabetes, anemia of pregnancy, miscarriage, and severe course of viral diseases in pregnant women. Screening examinations of vitamin D levels are recommended in preparation for pregnancy and during pregnancy registration with adequate correction of detected disorders.
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