FEATURES OF WOMEN᾽S PSYCHO-EMOTIONAL STATE WITH EARLY GESTOSIS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/24116-4944.2021.1.12352Keywords:
early gestosis, psychoemotional state, stress resistance, anxiety, mental adaptation, stressAbstract
The aim of the study – to determine the role of the features of the psycho-emotional state of pregnant women in the development of early gestosis manifestations of varying severity in the first trimester of pregnancy.
Materials and Methods. 105 women were examined, 85 of them were with symptoms of early preeclampsia, and 20 with the physiological course of the first trimester of pregnancy. To study the psycho-emotional state of pregnant women, we used the Spielberg-Khanin test to assess the level of anxiety and an adapted test – the questionnaire "The level of subjective control of J. Rotter" in the adaptation of E. F. Bazhin. Statistical processing was performed using Statistica 6.0 and Microsoft Excel 5.0
Results and Discussion. The risk factors for early preeclampsia were determined by questionnaire. It was found out that in most of the surveyed there were various risk factors: low financial status – 91.5 %, living in polluted areas – 76.4 %, the presence of conflict situations in everyday life, family and at work – 73.8 %, early gestosis in the anamnesis – 98.8 %. The distribution of the stress load in 24.7 % of pregnant women revealed a low level of stress load, in 41.2 % – moderate, in 34.1 % – high. 11.8 % of pregnant women with early preeclampsia have high stress resistance, 29.4 % – medium, 58.8 % – low. Women with early preeclampsia have a high level of stress along with low or moderate levels of stress resistance. 78.8 % of women with early preeclampsia, 38.8 % belong to the functional class V, and IV – 40.0 % of pregnant women, who are characterized by a low level of functional capacity for mental adaptation, very high – anxiety, a sharp decrease in physical and mental endurance. These women were "at risk". In the control group, 20.0 % of pregnant women were included in this category. The state of the level of functional capabilities of mental adaptation in 80.0 % of women in the control group can be considered normal. Among pregnant women with early gestosis, only 21.2 % of women were included in this category, which showed a high degree of probability of discrepancies (p<0.001).
Conclusions. The development of chronic psycho-emotional stress disrupts their functioning and leads to the development of early preeclampsia signs and determining the characteristics of the psycho-emotional state of women with early preeclampsia makes it possible to develop timely measures to prevent their development.
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