MORPHOFUNCTIONAL RESTRUCTURING OF VENOUS BED ATRIA OF COR PULMONALE

Abstract

Introduction. In recent years clinicians and morphologists began to pay attention of cor pulmonale. It should be noted that pathogenesis of chronic cor pulmonale is difficult and many-sided enough, that complicates timely diagnostics of pulmonary hypertension and chronic cor pulmonale largely. It is known that the indicated pathology runs across on the background of changes of tone of venous vessels. The morphofunctional feature not enough of the venous system of atria of cor pulmonale is studied at the same time.

Тhe aim of this work became research of morphofunctional features venous bed of atria of cor pulmonale. Materials and Methods. Тhe complex of morphological methods investigated veins of the left and right atria of heart 19 puberty pigs-males of the Vietnamese breed, that were divided into 3 groups. Group 1 counted 6 intact experience animals, group 2 – 8 pigs with a pulmonary hypertension and compensated cor pulmonale, 3 – 5 animals with a pulmonary hypertension and decompensated cor pulmonale. A pulmonary hypertension and cor pulmonale was designed by a way to implementations of right-side pulmonectomy. Euthanasia of experience animals was carried out by bloodletting in the conditions of thiopental-natrium anesthesia through a month from the beginning of experiment. There was conducted the separate weighing and planimetry of cardiac chambers. The venous bed of part of hearts was filled by India-ink-gelatin mixture through coronary arteries. From left and right atria cut out pieces that fixed in 10 % neutral solution of formalin and after corresponding realization through the ethyl spirits of growing concentration placed in a paraffin. Міcrothomical cuts in thick 5–7  µm  dyed of hematoxylin-eozinum, methods van-Gizon, Mallory, Veigert, toluidin blue. Histological microslides were investigated by means of microscopes of МBI- 15 and Lumam-Р8.

Results and Discussion. It is set the separate weighing and planimetry of cardiac chambers showed, that through a month after right pulmonectomy mass of parts of heart and their spatial descriptions grew with prevailing of hypertrophy and dilatation of right ventricle. The got results testified to development of pulmonary heart. It is set that in postresection the compensated cor pulmonale the structure of veins of left and right atrium changed substantially. In the modelled pathological terms in most cases the investigated structures are extended, overwhelmed with blood. We also observed perivasal edema, that could squeeze veins, narrow a road clearance and deform the investigated vessels. Dystrophy of smooth myocytes appeared, endotheliocytes and desquamation placed of the last. Some endotheliocytes and smooth myocytes with the phenomena of edema, limit between them unclear, part of myocytes is megascopic in sizes, dystrophic, necrobiotic changed. During decompensation of cor pulmonale the structural changes of veins are described higher and shown in a greater degree. Majority of venous vessels is extended, overwhelmed with hemocytes, with the stasis, that testified to the expressed violation them drainage function. Venules here quite often began as ampoules the extended, often sanguineous post-capillaries fell in that, or as a brush. Venous stagnation in the investigated vessels resulted in strengthening of hypoxia, dystrophy and necrosis of cardiomyocytes, infiltration and sclerotic processes. The educed structural changes prevailed in right atrium of the decompensated cor pulmonale.

Conclusions. Post-resection pulmonary hypertension and cor pulmonale result in the expressed structural alteration of venous bed of atrium, that is characterized by expansion, sanguineous, by deformation of road clearance of venous structures, violation of them venous drainage function, strengthening of hypoxia and destructive processes in myocardium, that prevail in the right auricle of the decompensated cor pulmonale.