POSSIBILITY OF USING EMBRYONIC NEURAL CELLS TO REGENERATE STRUCTURES OF INNER EAR OF GUINEA PIGS WITH GENTAMYCYN OTOTOXYTY
(ELECTRONIC MICROSCROSCOPIC INVESTIGATION)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/1811-2471.2021.v.i2.12215Keywords:
neuronal steam cells, sensoneural hearing loss, Guinea pigsAbstract
In severe hearing impairments significantly impair the comfort of life, change a person's emotional state, and when developed in early childhood lead to disorders of psycho – social formation of personality.
There are currently no effective treatments for patients with sensorineural hearing loss (SNP). Therefore, all over the world prefer "substitution tactics", namely – hearing aids for deafness, or cochlear implants for deafness.
The aim – to study with the help of electron microscopic examination the influence of NEC in intratympanic and suboccipital on the state of the structural elements of the inner ear of guinea pigs with experimental ototoxicosis.
Material and Methods. To study the effectiveness of NEC in aminoglycoside ototoxicosis, experimental studies were performed on 40 guinea pigs weighing from (500–900) g. SNP was caused by the introduction of aminoglycoside antibiotic – gentamicin sulfate at a dose of 100 mg / kg for 14 days (1 group). The neuronal stem cell suspension was administered in a volume of 2 million cells in 0.5 ml intratympanically and 2 million cells in 0.5 ml suboccipitally on days 1 and 15 of the experiment.
Results. An electron microscopic study of neuronal stem cell suspensions obtained for administration to guinea pigs with simulated sensorineural hearing loss and Cortia organ structures of 5 guinea pigs was performed 4 days after suboccipital and intratympanic administration of NEC.
Ultrastructural studies of NECs obtained for administration showed that cells were generally characterized by a large rounded or oval nucleus with one or more nucleoli, an uneven distribution of chromatin in the nucleus, and a narrow rim of the cytoplasm. Detection of individual such cells took place among the structures of the Corti's organ 4 days after suboccipital administration of NEC.
Numerous synaptic contacts of mainly afferent nerve endings, which were in contact with the basal area of hair cells with different degrees of electron density, were revealed, which indicates a high level of synaptic activity.
The obtained results in comparison with the literature data indicate the active migration of embryonic cells after their intratympanic and suboccipital administration, as well as the prospects for the use of this method of NEC administration.
Conclusions.The data obtained indicate that intratympanic and suboccipital administration of NEC promotes the regeneration of damaged cell structures of the inner ear. This opens the prospect of using NEC to develop new approaches in the treatment of patients with sensorineural hearing loss.
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