PAIN SYNDROME AND RESPONSE OF THE SYNOVIAL MEMBRANE OF THE KNEE JOINT TO USING CRYOTHERAPY WITH ADJUSTABLE PULSE COMPRESSION IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ARTHROSCOPIC PARTIAL MENISCECTOMY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/1811-2471.2021.v.i1.11995Keywords:
trauma, meniscus damage, knee joint, cryotherapy with adjustable pulse compression, arthroscopy, meniscectomyAbstract
Among all injuries of the lower extremity, the frequency of injuries of the knee joint is up to 75% of cases. The most common knee injuries are meniscal ruptures, accounting for 32% to 85% of injuries. Since the mid-1980s, arthroscopic surgery has become the "gold standard" in the treatment of meniscal rupture and has finally shown its effectiveness compared to open arthrotomy. However, surgery, even minimally invasive, causes pain and the development of reactive synovitis of the knee joint, the elimination of which in the shortest possible time can speed up rehabilitation. It is believed that the use of cold is one of the most common means used as an effective non-pharmacological intervention for the treatment of pain in injuries. The most commonly indicated effects of cryotherapy are pain relief, reduction of inflammatory edema, and elimination of muscle spasm. The result of cold exposure depends on the amount and speed of heat removed from the injured area, as well as on the nature of the general and local reaction of the body to the effects of low temperatures.
The aim – to study the effectiveness of cryotherapy with adjustable pulse compression in patients after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy to reduce the intensity of pain and postoperative reactive synovitis.
Material and Methods. A total of 50 patients were monitored. They were divided into two groups: control and experimental 25 patients in each. The experimental group included 25 patients (18 men and 7 women) aged 18 to 43 years (mean age – 31.2 years). The control group included 25 patients (16 men and 9 women) aged 18 to 42 years (mean age 32.6 years). In order to determine the effectiveness of cryotherapy with controlled pulse compression in pain and the reaction of the synovial membrane of the knee joint in patients after partial meniscectomy in the first hours in the experimental group used the system "GIOCO CRYO – 2". When the device was turned on, the joint area was periodically compressed with a cuff with a cycle of 30 seconds (10 seconds of compression, 20 seconds of relaxation). The cooling rate of the cooled liquid was up to 7 liters per minute. Its temperature ranged from 11 to 13 degrees Celsius. Ice bags were used in the control room. The duration of the procedure in both groups was 15 minutes.
Conclusions. The data obtained during the study indicate the feasibility of introducing into everyday practice cryotherapy with adjustable pulse compression for early rehabilitation of patients after partial meniscectomy.
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