CLINICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF PATIENTS WITH TRAUMATIC INJURY OF THE EYE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/1811-2471.2019.v.i3.10505Keywords:
traumatic injury of the eye, clinical psychopathological phenomenologyAbstract
SUMMARY. The problem of vision loss is one of the actual medical and social problems.
The aim of the study – to investigate the features of clinical and psychopathological manifestations associated with significant impairment of vision due to traumatic damage to the visual analyzer.
Material and Methods. We have studied the features of psychopathological symptomatology in 37 men and 11 women, with significant loss of vision due to traumatic injury in the dynamics in the first two weeks after trauma, 3 months, and 12 months after trauma using the M. Hamilton Depression and Anxiety Scales, and C. Spilberger's personal anxiety and the SCL-90-R questionnaire.
Results and Discussion. A gradual significant (p<0.01) increase in the level of depressive manifestations in the dynamics was found two weeks, 3 and 12 months after traumatic vision loss as a whole (18.5±2.1) points, (24.2±3.7) points, (30.6±7.0) points) and in terms of particular types of depression; as well as anxiety in general (23.4±4.9) points, (26.7±5.7) points, (23.5±5.0) points), as well as mental and somatic anxiety.
Reactive anxiety is high after trauma, increases during the first three months after trauma, and gradually decreases thereafter (46.1±10.7) points, (48.5±12.0) points, (41.0±10.1) points). The level of personal anxiety increases over time, maximum after 3 months (43.3±11.4) points, (47.6±12.5) points, (54.6±14.3) points), reflecting the formation of persistent pathocharacterological features.
In acute and distant periods after traumatic vision loss, there is a significant increase in somatization, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility and phobic anxiety (p<0.01). In men, rates are higher than in women, however, statistically significant these differences are only for interpersonal sensitivity and depression.
Conclusions. The severe loss of vision of traumatic genesis is accompanied by adverse psychopathological disorders, first of all, depressive and anxiety; expressiveness of psychopathological phenomena gradually increases after trauma. The severity of all psychopathological manifestations associated with severe traumatic visual impairment in men is greater than in women.
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