PRYMARY HYPERALDOSTERONISM – HOW TO DIAGNOSE IT
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/2415-8798.2017.2.7847Keywords:
primary hyperaldosteronism, clinical, laboratory, radiation diagnostics.Abstract
Diagnosis of primary hyperaldosteronism is based on an analysis of several parts: clinical presentation (history, physical examination); laboratory results (mainly hormones, functional tests) and instrumental examination (topical diagnosis). The clinical picture of the disease, unfortunately, has little supporting data for the diagnosis of this pathology. Hypertensive, neuro-muscular and renal syndromes in primary hyperaldosteronism may occur in various combinations, with varying degrees of severity were described; some of them may be absent. Diagnostics procedure of primary hyperaldosteronism suspecting presence of this pathology consists of three main stages: I – determine whether hyperaldosteronism by establishing the concentration of aldosterone, renin activity in plasma; II – perform one or more tests confirming the diagnosis; III – determine the shape (option) of hyperaldosteronism through some hormonal tests, functional tests, methods of topical diagnosis.
The aim of the study – to familiarize the physicians-cardiologists, laboratory technicians, endocrinologists, ray diagnosticians with methods and principles of diagnosis of hyperaldosteronism.
Materials and Methods. The published results of studies by many authors on the diagnosis of hyperaldosteronism were analyzed.
Results and Discussion. The review analyzes the diagnosis of hyperaldosteronism in three areas – clinical, laboratory and instrumental. Each of these areas is considered in terms of establishing the presence of hyperaldosteronism, the performance of confirmatory tests and samples, the identification of its variant or form and topical diagnosis. Various variants of the correlation of the results of the proposed tests and their use for establishing the diagnosis are considered.
Conclusions. Diagnosis of hyperaldosteronism is based on clinical tests. The advantage in the established diagnosis is provided to functional tests, laboratory-instrumental examination, and in topical diagnosis – the results of MRI, CT, scintigraphy.
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