ASSESSING THE SEVERITY OF RADIOGRAPHIC CHANGES IN THE NEONATE WITH RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME

Abstract

In recent years, neonatal respiratory disorders were attracted much attention of researchers because they are often the result of chronic respiratory failure, broncho-obstructive syndrome, bronchopulmonary dysplasia in older children. Timely assessment of respiratory in infants and especially premature and morphological signs of immaturity respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) requires extensive use of known examination methods, in particular with respect to timely radiological examination.

The aim of the study – to determine the radiographic criteria for the degree of severity of the respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in pneumonia in newborns.

Materials and Methods. X-ray examination of 100 newborns was carried out, 50 of them were newborns and 50 were premature infants with grade I and II prematurity.

Results and Discussion. Newborn children born with RDS require special attention from the first days of illness and professionally competent medical tactics. At X-ray examination of premature newborns with pneumonia, the predominance of RDS characteristic features was observed. Based on our own observations and analyzing the available information in the literature, and also socializing the classifications we studied on the X-ray manifestations of RDS stages, the following variant of X-ray verification of changes in degrees was selected, depending on the severity of the radiographic manifestations and the severity of the signs encountered in the inflammatory process against the background of immaturity of the lung tissue. I degree of severity: moderate reduction in pneumatization, miliary spot, limited low-intensity shadows, nodose-reticular mesh (vague), "air bronchogram" is discernible. II degree of seve rity: reduction of pneumatization, coarse, randomly scattered areas of lung tissue seals, nodose-reticular mesh, "air bronchograms". III severity: pronounced reduction in pneumatization ("frosted glass"), smoothing of the pulmonary-diaphragmatic and pulmonary-cardiac border (symptom of "silhouette"), "air bronchograms". IV degree of severity: "white lungs". Refinement of the degree of severity of the RDS of the newborn with pneumonia allows the most accurate and objective assessment of the severity of the sick child.

Conclusions. The results of X-ray studies of pneumonia in newborns allow us to conclude that they need to be carried out in the neonatal period. The X-ray method for assessing the degree of severity of RDS in pneumonia of newborn infants, especially premature infants, and with intrauterine growth retardation syndrome is convenient for its non-invasiveness, minimal radiation exposure to the subject, a wide range of indicators and information rich in morphology, which contributes to the timely correction of complex treatment, especially at the risk of RDS, Saving the use of medicines, reducing the development of posthypoxic complications of the adaptation period.