RECONSTRUCTIVE MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY: KEY DIAGNOSTIC PRINCIPLES FOR NURSING PRACTICE

Abstract

Introduction. Reconstructive maxillofacial surgery aims at restoring facial functions and aesthetics. A thorough understanding of the results of general and biochemical blood analyses is crucial for the successful execution of the operation. A postoperative care nurse should proficiently analyze these indicators, contributing to the patient’s safe and prompt recovery.

The aim of the study – to investigate the results of the dental department of maxillofacial surgery of the Central City Hospital of the RCC for 2023, to carefully study the general and biochemical analysis of blood as an important component of the operative process, in particular in the context of identifying risks and complications, to evaluate the role of the nurse in the implementation of patient care, given its importance in ensuring their safe and successful recovery after operations.

The main part. The study involved 130 individuals with maxillofacial pathology who underwent inpatient examination and treatment in the dental department. The examination included various laboratory, instrumental-diagnostic, and clinical-biochemical studies. Patients were categorized by reasons for hospitalization, and statistical analysis revealed the predominance of traumatic injuries. Associated diseases found in 11.4 % of hospitalized cases included other skin diseases, respiratory diseases, cardiovascular diseases, musculoskeletal disorders and connective tissue. The main part of the research consisted of analyzing patient groups based on reasons for hospitalization and studying their laboratory indicators. Observing patients with neoplasms in the maxillofacial region showed that the average age of patients in this group exceeded 40 years, with women constituting a significant portion. Comparison of laboratory indicators in the group of patients with massive blood loss and neoplastic processes indicated significant differences in blood parameters, necessitating active urgent measures in cases of massive blood loss. The summarized results of the study can be useful for refining approaches to the examination and treatment of patients with maxillofacial pathology, particularly in cases of traumatic injuries and neoplasms.

Conclusions. The acquired knowledge regarding the peculiarities of maxillofacial pathology and its treatment is an essential resource for nurses playing a key role in patient care. The ability to recognize and understand the reasons for hospitalization, consider associated diseases, and identify distinct aspects of neoplasms enables nurses to provide quality and individualized care, contributing to effective treatment and patient support on their path to recovery.