THE IMPORTANCE OF CATHETER-ASSOCIATED INFECTIONS PREVENTION IN PATIENTS OF HEMATOLOGY DEPARTMENTS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/2411-1597.2024.1.14513Keywords:
catheter-associated infections, complications, bacterial colonization, sensitivity to antibioticsAbstract
Introduction. Catheter-associated infections are the cause of more than 60 % of hospital bacteremias and up to 37 % of all nosocomial infections in European countries. Their frequency ranges from 2.9 cases per 1000 days of catheterization in specialized intensive care units to 7.7 cases in patients of general departments..
The aim of the study – to analyze the frequency of detection of catheter-associated infections in pediatric hematological patients.
The main part. The study was based on a retrospective analysis of the medical documentation of the oncohematology department of the municipal enterprise “Volyn Regional Territorial Medical Association for the Protection of Motherhood and Childhood” over the past two years. Of the 48 patients treated during this time in the department, catheter-associated infections were diagnosed in 16 cases (33 % of the total number of patients). There were 7 girls (43.7 %) and 9 boys (56.3 %) among patients diagnosed with CAI. As for the diagnoses of the identified patients, 6 of them (37.5 %) had left-sided axillary lymphadenitis, 5 (31.2 %) had hemorrhagic vasculitis, 2 (12.5 %) had acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and 3 (18.8 %) had hematogenous osteomyelitis. The analysis of etiological pathogens showed that the main part of microorganisms were gram-positive. Streptococcus pneumoniae was identified among the isolated microorganisms in 37.5 % of cases. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacter spp. were isolated in 18.75 % of cases. Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis were detected somewhat less often.
Conclusions. Due to the measures of epidemiological surveillance in departments where intravascular catheters are used, monitoring of catheter-associated infections is carried out. This makes it possible to establish their etiological structure and optimize both prevention and antibacterial therapy, which will increase patients’ safety.
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