VARIATIONS IN TONGUE PRESSURE IN DIFFERENT AREAS OF THE PALATAL AND LINGUAL SURFACES OF THE DENTITION IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS DEPENDING ON ORTHODONTIC STATUS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/2311-9624.2026.1.16343Keywords:
pediatric patients, distal bite, open bite, mesial bite, dentognathic deformations.Abstract
The pressure of the tongue on the surrounding tissues of the dentognathic apparatus maintains the shape and stability of the bite, but in case of disturbances in myodynamic balance it can be one of the etiological factors of dentognathic deformations. The aim of the study – to compare the features of the muscle and functional activity of the tongue in pediatric patients without components of the symptom complex deformations of dentognathic apparatus in the sagittal, vertical, transverse planes and with distal, mesial and open bites. Materials and methods. The subject of the analysis was the results of the examination of patients (n = 103) aged 5 to 12 years: without components of the symptom complex deformations of dentognathic apparatus in the sagittal, vertical, transverse planes (n = 34), who came to the clinic with complaints of existing anomalies of the shape, eruption and number of teeth, carious / non-carious lesions, as well as with distal (n = 31), mesial (n = 12) and open (n=26) bites, who underwent treatment using removable orthodontic appliances. Results and discussion. Intergroup differences were identified in tongue pressure (kPa) on the surrounding areas of the oral cavity of the upper and lower jaws at different levels of the palatal and lingual surfaces of the teeth for separate zones and the integral averaged indicator. The most characteristic and statistically significant feature for the frontal zone of the upper jaw is higher pressure values in patients with open bite compared to the normotypical pattern determined for patients without components of the symptom complex deformations of dentognathic apparatus in the sagittal, vertical, transverse planes. For the frontal zone of the lower jaw – with mesial and open bites. For the canine-molar segment of the lower jaw, a decrease in the integral peripheral pressure of the tongue in patients with distal bite is characteristic, while in mesial and open bites, the changes are generally less pronounced and may manifest mainly at the level of separate zones. Conclusions. The generalization of the obtained results shows that different types of bites are associated with different anatomical and functional patterns of tongue pressure distribution between the frontal and peripheral zones.
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