PECULIARITIES OF THE COURSE OF PERIODONTAL DISEASES IN PATIENTS WITH GASTROINTESTINAL DISEASES AND THE NEED FOR PROSTHETIC TREATMENT
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/2311-9624.2025.4.15969Keywords:
periodontal diseases, gastrointestinal diseases, prosthetic treatment, dentition defects.Abstract
The article presents the results of studying the prevalence of periodontal diseases in comorbid gastrointestinal diseases and determining the need for prosthetic rehabilitation of these patients. The Aim of the Study. To determine the prevalence, characteristics of the course and structure of periodontal diseases in concomitant gastrointestinal diseases and the need for prosthetic treatment. Materials and Methods. 59 patients with gastrointestinal diseases (acid- dependent diseases, chronic pancreatitis, chronic colitis) and 14 practically healthy individuals were examined. Clinical, radiological methods, index assessment of the state of periodontal tissues (PMA, PSR indices), analysis of dentition defects and the need for their prosthetics were used. Results and Discussion. It was found that the prevalence of periodontal diseases is in 2.1–2.2 times higher in patients with gastrointestinal diseases than in the control group (p < 0.05). The structure of the incidence varies depending on the nosology: the maximum progression of destructive processes (chronic generalized periodontitis of moderate severity – 50.0%) was recorded in patients with chronic pancreatitis. At the same time, the highest intensity of gingival inflammation (PMA index) was found in patients with chronic colitis, which corresponded to a severe degree of gingivitis. The need for prosthetics of dentition defects is high in all study groups: 51.6% – in the 1st group, 55.0% – in the 2nd and 62.0% – in the 3rd group. The largest number of dentition defects was found in patients with chronic colitis (18.6 times more than in the control group). Conclusion. Gastrointestinal diseases are a significant risk factor for the development of generalized periodontitis and tooth loss, which justifies the need for a comprehensive approach to prosthetic treatment of these patients.
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