ASSESSMENT OF PERCEIVED STRESS LEVEL AND PERIODONTAL TISSUE STATUS IN SERVICEMEN OF THE ARMED FORCES OF UKRAINE

Abstract

Scientific studies clearly indicate a two-way link between psycho-emotional state and somatic health. The condition of the oral cavity is considered a sensitive indicator of general health and psychological load. A leading factor influencing the high prevalence of periodontal tissue disease among Ukrainian servicemen is its significant share in overall dental morbidity during partial mobilization. During military service, the number of people requiring dental care increases significantly. The aim of the study is to conduct a comprehensive analysis and establish the relationship between the level of perceived stress and the condition of periodontal tissues in servicemen of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. Materials and Methods of the Study. A number of psychological questionnaires were used to determine the negative mental states of servicemen participating in combat operations. Specifically, the Spielberger– Khanin State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), the Brief Anxiety, Depression, and PTSD Scale, and the Primary Screening of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) were used. Oral hygiene status was assessed using the hygiene indices of J. C. Green, J. R. Vermillion (OHI-S, 1964) and Fedorov-Volodkina. The condition of the periodontal tissues was assessed using the PMA index modified by C. Parma. Results. The majority of military personnel interviewed reported moderate levels of situational anxiety (43,40% of respondents). It should also be noted that a significant number of respondents reported high levels of situational anxiety (33,62%). This indicates that these individuals experience intense emotional distress in stressful situations. A high level of personal anxiety was found in 21,70% of military personnel. In such individuals, anxiety can manifest itself in any situation, even when there is no real danger. In 122 individuals, mental manifestations of anxiety and depression were expressed according to the analysis of the short scale for anxiety, depression, and PTSD. The results of the Primary Screening Test for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) indicated that 124 individuals (52,76%) have problems associated with psychological trauma. In 41 patients (33% of those examined), the mean PMA index value was (19,61 ± 2,85)%, which corresponded to a mild degree of gingivitis. In 52 patients (43% of those examined), the PMA index values corresponded to a moderate degree of gingivitis ((37,08 ± 6,20)%). A severe degree of gingivitis was visualized in 29 patients (24% of those examined). The mean PMA index value was (58,86 ± 5,69)%. Conclusions. As a result of the study, it can be stated that with increased indicators of anxiety and depression levels, a significant increase in indicators of inflammatory processes in periodontal tissues is observed. This tendency contributes to the development of inflammatory periodontal diseases or the exacerbation of their chronic forms.