CLINICAL EVALUATION OF THE TREATMENT OUTCOMES OF GENERALISED PERIODONTITIS IN PATIENTS WITH UROLITHIASIS

Abstract

The complexity of treating generalised periodontitis arises not only from an incomplete understanding of its developmental mechanisms but also from its strong association with various systemic diseases. On the one hand, such conditions create a favourable environment for the progression of dental pathology. On the other hand, generalised periodontitis itself can often trigger or exacerbate somatic diseases. This study aimed to confirm the clinical efficacy of a proposed therapeutic and prophylactic agent, applied locally as part of the complex therapy for generalised periodontitis in patients with urolithiasis. Materials and Methods. A comprehensive treatment protocol was conducted for 148 patients with urolithiasis who presented with generalised periodontitis of first- and second-degree severity. 75 patients (the main group) received the developed product in the form of a topical film, while 73 patients (the control group) were treated according to standard periodontal management and treatment plans. The product in the form of a dental film provides anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anti-edematous, wound healing, and localized anaesthetic effects and is intended for topical use in the oral cavity. Its composition includes metronidazole, emulsifier OS-20, saccharin, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and purified water. According to the utility model, it additionally contains dexpanthenol 20%, decamethoxine and trimethacaine. The effectiveness of treating generalised periodontitis in patients with urolithiasis was determined by both subjective and objective criteria. Objectively – using the PMA, ARI and Loe-Silness indices, which were determined before treatment, immediately after treatment and after 3, 6, 9 and 12–13 months. The Results and Discussion. The clinical evaluation indicates a positive therapeutic effect of the proposed drug composition in the form of a dental film when used in the complex treatment of generalised periodontitis in patients with urolithiasis. Radiologically, after treatment, stabilisation of the pathological process in patients with first-degree generalised periodontitis and concurrent urolithiasis was noted in 93.55% of patients in the main group, and 82.25% in patients in the control group. For seconddegree periodontitis, these values were 75.76% and 61.87%, respectively. The developed method of complex treatment for patients with generalised periodontitis using an anti-inflammatory film achieved sustained stabilisation of the dystrophic-inflammatory process in periodontal tissues after 6 months: in 94% of patients with first-degree periodontitis and 76% of those with second-degree periodontitis in the main group. In the control group, these figures were 53% and 40%, respectively. Twelve-month remission in the main group was observed in 62.76% of patients with firstdegree periodontitis and in 45.16% of those with second-degree periodontitis, whereas in the control group, only 5.3% of first-degree periodontitis cases achieved remission. Conclusions. The obtained results of the periodontal tissue condition showed the high efficiency of the local use of dental film in the complex treatment of generalised periodontitis in patients with urolithiasis, which provides a significant improvement in clinical indicators of treatment effectiveness. The developed method for treating generalised periodontitis helps prevent exacerbations of the pathological process in the long term after treatment and helps prevent complications. The method is simple, affordable, and economical and can be recommended for implementation in medical institutions of any level where patients with generalised periodontitis are treated.