Prevention of dental caries in children with cerebral palsy
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/2311-9624.2020.3.11571Keywords:
cerebral palsy, dental caries, oral hygiene, treatment and prevention measures, caries reductionAbstract
Summary. Studies of the dental status of children with cerebral palsy (CP) indicate a high prevalence and intensity of damage to the hard tissues of the teeth.
The aim of the study – to develop a set of preventive measures against caries in children with cerebral palsy and determine its effectiveness.
Materials and Methods. The study included 55 children (mean age of patients was (8.4±2.7) years with spastic forms of cerebral palsy, who were divided into 2 groups: Group I (35 patients) – children with cerebral palsy, who applied the developed set of preventive measures; Group II (20 children) – children with cerebral palsy, who were given only recommendations for optimal hygienic care of the oral cavity. All patients underwent neurological examination, determined dental status, study of biochemical and immunological parameters of oral fluid.
Results and Discussion. Most of the examined children with cerebral palsy had spastic forms, therefore the tactics of preventive dental procedures were carried out taking into account the neurological symptoms of the underlying disease. A set of treatment and prevention measures for dental caries in children with cerebral palsy was developed, which included correction of identified risk factors, correction and control of individual oral hygiene, sealing or preventive coating of fissures and blind pits of teeth and a set of local measures to normalize mineralization processes of teeth. The reduction of the increase in the intensity of caries after the application of the proposed complex in a year was 53 %, the reduction of the increase in the intensity of caries of permanent teeth – 30 %.
Conclusions. The effectiveness of the proposed complex was confirmed by a significant improvement in oral hygiene, a decrease in acidic activity in the oral fluid and an increase in alkaline phosphatase activity, an increase in the concentration of secretory immunoglobulin A (by 51.1 %, p˂0.01).
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