MORPHOMETRIC EVALUATION OF PLACENTA ARTERIES REMODELING FEATURES AT IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA IN PREGNANT WOMEN
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/24116-4944.2018.1.8801Keywords:
iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women, placenta, arteries.Abstract
The aim of the study – the morphometric study of the remodeling features of arteries in the placenta with iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women.
Materials and Methods. With the complex of morphological methods we examined the placenta of 25 women, who were divided into two groups. The first group (control) included 10 placenta from women whose pregnancy was without anemia and the absence of various pathologies, the second – 15 placenta women, where during pregnancy was diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia 1 item. The histologic preparations of the placenta were morphometry of the arteries of the middle (51–125 microns) and small calibres (26–50 microns). In this case, the external and internal diameters of the arteries, the thickness of the media and adventitia, the height of the endothelial cells, the diameter of their nuclei, the Wogenworts index, the nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio in the endothelial cells and the relative volume of the damaged endothelial cells were measured. Quantitative indicators were processed statistically.
Results and Discussion. It was established that iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women resulted in a marked structural reconstruction of the arterial bed with the predominance of morphological changes in the arteries of the small caliber of the placenta. The outer diameter of the vessel data in this case was increased by 2.3 % compared with the control, and their internal diameter decreased by 12.6 %. The thickness of the media artery of small caliber has increased by 17.4 %, the thickness of the adventitia – by 17.6 %, the Wogenvorts index – 1.4 times. In these pathological conditions, the height of endothelial cells has changed by 4.9 %, and the nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio in these cells is 13.3 %. The last morphometric parameter indicated a marked violation of structural cellular homeostasis in endothelial cells. Relative volume of damaged endothelial cells in this case increased 12 times.
Conclusions. Iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women results in pronounced remodeling of the arteries of the placenta, which is characterized by thickening of their walls, narrowing of the lumen, growth of the Wogenworts index, decrease in their throughput, endothelial cell lesion, endothelial dysfunction, deterioration of blood supply to the organ, hypoxia, dystrophy, necrobiosis of cells and tissues. With iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women, a more pronounced structural reconstruction is observed in the arteries of the small caliber of the placenta.
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