DEVELOPMENTAL STATUS OF PRETERM INFANTS DEPENDING ON THE TYPE OF CARE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/24116-4944.2022.2.13427Keywords:
developmental status, preterm infants, ASQ-3 questionnaireAbstract
The aim of the study – to assess the effectiveness of the active implementation of developmental care elements in preterm infants, in particular, its impact on the long-term outcomes, by observing and examining children at the follow-up at the corrected age of 24–30 months.
Materials and Methods. The study included an evaluation of the developmental status of preterm infants who received elements of neurodevelopmental care (25 infants) compared with a control group of infants who received standard care (25 infants). There was a clinical examination using the ASQ-3 (Ages and Stages Questionnaire-3rd Edition) questionnaire.
Research and Discussion. One child (4 %) of the developmental care group was diagnosed with a severe neurological pathology in the form of cerebral palsy in the follow-up, while in the standard care group - 6 children (24 %) were diagnosed with cerebral palsy and the autistic spectrum disorders, p=0.049. According to the results of the ASQ-3 questionnaire, the average total score for all areas of development in children of the developmental care group was 257.67 ± 23.36, while in the standard care group the indicator was significantly lower - 208.53 ± 67.70, p = 0.012. A significant difference was observed in preterm infants of the developmental care group in certain areas of development in comparison with infants of the control group (p<0.05). There was a significant difference between the frequency of delay in communication, fine motor skills, and personal and social development and social interaction among observation groups at the corrected age of 24-30 months. The frequency of occurrence of these disorders prevailed in the group of children receiving standard care (p<0.05).
Conclusions. An active implementation of the developmental care elements improves the long-term outcomes of preterm infants and helps to reduce the level of severe pathology that leads to disability (cerebral palsy, autism spectrum disorders). Developmental care improves the psychomotor and neurological status of preterm infants at the corrected age of 24-30 months, particularly in the areas of communication, gross and fine motor skills, and personal and social development and social interaction.
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