THE ROLE OF INFECTIOUS PATHOGENS IN WOMEN OF CHILDHOOD AGE WITH HYPERPLASTIC ENDOMETRIAL PROCESSES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/24116-4944.2020.1.11484Keywords:
endometrial hyperplastic processes, infectious pathogen, human papilloma virus type 16/18Abstract
The aim of the study – to analyze the role of an infectious pathogen in the development of uterine hyperplastic processes in comparison with healthy women to form risk groups for the occurrence of hyperplastic changes in the uterine mucosa.
Materials and Methods. We examined 90 patients of the gynecological department of Ternopil City Clinical Hospital No. 2 with benign endometrial hyperplasia of reproductive age during 2017–2019, confirmed by histological findings after surgical hysteroscopy. In a control group of volunteer patients (30 women), material was collected using a Pipel biopsy with examination of the evacuated material from the uterine cavity. All patients were tested for pathogens such as Mycoplasma hominis, Ureaplasma urealiticum, Chlamydia trachomatis, Herpex simplex virus I, II by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (IgG, IgM); Gardnerella vaginalis, Trichomonas vaginalis in smears from the vagina and urethra by the method of polymerase chain reaction, as well as the detection of human papilloma virus (PVL) 16/18 was performed using the method of polymerase chain reaction.
Results and Discussion. The most common among infectious agents was the human papilloma virus type 16/18, which in the experimental groups was detected in 40.0–41.67 % compared with the control group of 10.0 %. The obtained data necessitate high-quality infectious screening for the formation of risk groups for the occurrence of hyperplastic changes in the uterine mucosa.
Conclusions. The role of infectious agents play an important role in the development of hyperplastic changes of the uterine mucosa. The obtained results allow us to consider infectious pathogens as cofactors of hyperplastic processes of the uterus, which are pathogenetically associated with the flora of the lower genital tract and are involved in the implementation of the inflammatory process.
References
Royal Coll. (2016). Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. British Society for Gynaecological Endoscopy, Management of Endometrial Hyperplasia. Green-top Guideline No. 67, London: RCOG.
Beniuk, V.O., Kurochka, V.V., & Honcharenko, V.M. (2009). Suchasni pidkhody do diahnostyky hiperplastychnykh protsesiv endometriia u zhinok reproduktyvnoho viku [Modern approaches to the diagnosis of hyperplastic processes of the endometrium in women of reproductive age]. Problemy, dostyzheniya i perspektivy razvitiya mediko-biologicheskykh nauk i prakticheskogo zdravookhraneniya – Problems, Achievements and Prospects for the Development of Medical and Biological Sciences and Practical Health Care, 145, 3, 3004-3005 [in Ukrainian].
Pavlovskaya, M.A. (2015). Giperplaziya endometriya u zhenshchin fertilnogo vozrasta: klinika, diagnostika, patogenez i vozmozhosti terapii [Endometrial hyperplasia in women of childbearing age: Clinic, diagnosis, pathogenesis and treatment options]. Zhurnal Grodnenskogo gosudarstvennogo meditsinskogo universiteta – Journal of Grodno State Medical University, 2, 123-127 [in Russian].
Gorban, N.Y., Zadorozhna, T.D., Vovk, I.B., & Zhulkevych, I.V. (2019). Morphological features of uterine polyps in females of reproductive age. Visnyk naukovykh doslidzhen – Bulletin of Scientific Research, 2, 47-52. DOI: https://doi.org/10.11603/2415-8798.2019.2.10267
Zhulkevych, I.V., & Kryvokulsky, B.D. (2018). Personalizatsiia v onkolohii: indyvidualnyi pidkhid do profilaktyky tromboembolichnykh uskladnen pry panhisterektomii [Personalization in oncology: individual approach to the prevention of thromboembolic complications during hysterectomy]. Visnyk sotsialnoi hihiieny ta orhanizatsii okhorony zdorovia Ukrainy – Bulletin of Social Hygiene and Health Care Organization of Ukraine, 4 (78), 11-18 [in Ukrainian].
Boychuk, A.V., Shadrina, V.S., & Vereshchahina, T.V. (2019). Hiperplaziia endometriia – suchasnyi systemno-patohenetychnyi pohliad na problemu (ohliad literatury) [Hyperplasia of the endometrium – a modern systemic and pathogenetic view of the problem (review of the literature)]. Aktualni pytannia pediatrii, akusherstva ta hinekolohii – Actual Problems of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, 1, 67-72 [in Ukrainian].
Hogg, S., & Vyas, S. (2015). Endometriosis. Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine, 25, 5, 133-141. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ogrm.2015.02.001
Huh, W.K., Ault, K.A., Chelmow, D., Davey, D.D., Goulart, R.A., Garcia. F.A.R., …, & Einstein, M.H. (2015). Use of primary high-risk human papillomavirus testing for cervical cancer screening: Interim clinical guidance. Gynecol. Oncol., 136 (2), 178-182. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygyno.2014.12.022
Perez-Muñz, M.E., Arrieta, M.C., Ramer-Tait, A.E., & Walter, J. (2017). A critical assessment of the “sterile womb” and “in utero colonization” hypotheses: implications for research on the pioneer infant microbiome. Microbiome, 5, 1, 48 (2017).
Peymani, R., & DeCherney, A. (2016). Microbiome, Infection and Inflammation in Infertility. In book: Genital Infections and Infertility. Darwish, A. (Ed.) Chapter 8, InTech, 2016.99.133. DOI: 10.5772/63090. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5772/63090
U.S. National Cancer Institute. Surveillance, Epidemiology, End Results (SEER) Cancer Statistics Review, 1975-2013. Retrieved from: https://seer.cancer.gov/csr/1975_2013/. (Last accessed January 31, 2017).
Podolskyi, Vl.V., Lysyana, T.O., & Ponomarova, I.H. (2015). Stan mikrobiotsenozu urohenitalnykh orhaniv u zhinok z porushenniam reproduktyvnoho zdorovia ta zminamy vehetatyvnoho homeostazu [The state of microbiocenosis of urogenital organs in women with reproductive health disorders and changes in autonomic homeostasis]. Zdorove zhenshchyny – Women’s Health, 2, 142-150 [in Ukrainian].
Horban, N.Ye., Vovk, I.B., Lysiana, T.O., Ponomariova, I.H., & Zhulkevych, I.V. (2019). Peculiarities of uterine cavity biocenosis in patients with different types of endometrial hyperproliferative pathology. Journal of Medicine and Life, 12 (3), 266-270.
Apostolopoulos, N.V., Alexandraki, K.I., Gorry, A., & Coker, A. (2016). Association between chronic pelvic pain symptoms and the presence of endometriosis. Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 293, 439-445. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-015-3855-2
Barcellos, M.B., Lasmar, B., & Lasmar, R. (2016). Agreement between the preoperative findings and the operative diagnosis in patients with deep endometriosis. Archives of Gynecology & Obstetrics, 293, 845-850. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-015-3892-x
Dakhly, D.M.R., Abdel Moety, G.A.F., Saber, W., Gad Allah, S.H., Hashem, A.T., & Abdel Salam, L.O.E. (2016). Accuracy of hysteroscopic endomyometrial biopsy in diagnosis of adenomyosis. J. Minim. Invasive Gynecol, 23 (3), 364-371. DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2015.11.004. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmig.2015.11.004
Heavy menstrual bleeding (update). National Guideline Alliance (UK). London: National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (UK); 2018 Mar. (NICE Guideline, No. 88.)
Lasmar, R.B., Lasmar, B.P., Celeste, R.K., Larbig, A., & De Wilde, R.L. (2015). Validation of a score to guide endometriosis therapy for the non-specialized gynecologist. International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 131, 78-81. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgo.2015.05.011
Lindsay, S.F., Luciano, D.E., & Luciano, A.A. (2015). Emerging therapy for endometriosis. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs, 20 (3), 449-461. DOI: 10.1517/14728214.2015.1051966. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1517/14728214.2015.1051966
Joste, N.E., Ronnett, B.M., Hunt, W.C., Pearse, A., Langsfeld, E., Leete, T., …, & Wheeler, C.M. (2015). Human papillomavirus genotype-specific prevalence across the continuum of cervical neoplasia and cancer. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., 24, 230-240. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-14-0775
Kim, J.J., Campos, N.G., Sy, S., Burger, E.A., Cuzick, J., Castle, P.E., …, & Wheeler, C.M. (2015). Inefficiencies and high-value improvements in U.S. cervical cancer screening practice: a cost-effectiveness analysis. Ann. Intern. Med., 163, 589-597. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7326/M15-0420
Melnikow, J., Henderson, J.T., Burda, B.U., Senger, C.A., Durbin, S., & Soulsby, M.A. (2017). Screening for cervical cancer with high-risk human papillomavirus testing: A systematic evidence review for the U.S. Preventive services task force. Evidence synthesis No. 158. AHRQ Publication No. 17-05231-EF-1. Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; 2017.
Elkhalek, Abd Y.I., Kamel, O.F., & El-Sabaa, H. (2016). Comparison of 3 dimensional sonohysterography and hysteroscopy in Premenopausal women with abnormal uterine bleeding. Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, 47, 1117-1122. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrnm.2016.04.020
Pennant, M.E., Mehta, R., Moody, P., Hackett, G., Prentice, A., Sharp, S.J., & Lakshman, R. (2017). Premenopausal abnormal uterine bleeding and risk of endometrial cancer. BJOG, 124, 404-411. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/1471-0528.14385
Cancer Facts and Figures 2017. Retrieved from: https://www.cancer.org/content/dam/cancer-org/research/cancer-facts-and-statistics/annual-cancer-facts-and-figures/2017/cancer-facts-and-figures-2017.pdf. (Last accessed January 31, 2017).
NTP Research Report on the CLARITY-BPA Core Study: A Perinatal and Chronic Extended-Dose-Range Study of Bisphenol A in Rats. National Toxicology Program. Research Triangle Park (NC): National Toxicology Program; 2018.
Kurman, R.J., Carcangiu, M.L., Herrington, C.S., & Young, R.H. (Eds.). WHO Classification of Tumours of Female Reproductive Organs. 4th ed. Lyon: IARC, 2014.
Menshikov, V.N. (2015). Mikrobiologicheskiye i virusologicheskiye metody issledovaniya [Microbiological and virological research methods]. Moscow: Meditsina [in Russian].
Mintser, O.P. (2016). Statystychni metody doslidzhennia pry vykonanni dysertatsiinykh robit [Statistical methods of tracking in the performance of dissertations]. Praktychna medytsyna – Practical Medicine, (2), 35-42 [in Ukrainian].
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish in this journal agree to the following terms:
1. The authors reserve the right to authorship of the work and pass the journal right of first publication of this work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License, which allows others to freely distribute the work published with reference to the authors of the original work and the first publication of this magazine.
2. Authors are entitled to enter into a separate agreement on additional non-exclusive distribution of work in the form in which it was published in the magazine (eg work place in the electronic repository institution or publish monographs in part), provided that the reference to the first publication of this magazine.
3. Policy magazine allows and encourages authors placement on the Internet (eg, in storage facilities or on personal websites) manuscript of how to submit the manuscript to the editor and during his editorial processing, since it contributes to productive scientific discussion and positive impact on the efficiency and dynamics of citing published work (see. The Effect of Open Access).
