Features the violations of cytokine profile at ileum damage in conditions of postresection portal hypertension
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/mcch.2410-681X.2018.v0.i2.9147Keywords:
cytokines, postresection portal hypertension, ileum.Abstract
Introduction. It is known that postresection portal hypertension can occur at resection of large volumes of the liver and leads to severe complications: hemorrhages from varicose veins of the stomach, esophagus, rectum, ascites, splenomegaly, secondary hypersplenism, parenchymal jaundice, portal-systemic encephalopathy, liver failure. At portal hypertension there are marked violations of hemodynamics in the system of the hepatic portal vein and structural changes of the ileum, the peculiarities of morphogenesis of which and their links with the cytokine status of the organism are insufficiently studied.
The aim of the study – to learn the features of violations of the cytokine profile at ileum damage in conditions of postresection portal hypertension.
Research Methods. The studies were performed on 45 white male rats, which were divided into 3 groups. The first group (control) included 15 intact animals, 2nd – 15 rats, which eliminated 31.5 % of liver parenchyma, 3rd – 15 animals after resection of 58.1 % of liver parenchyma. One month after the beginning of the experiment euthanasia of rats was performed by bloodletting under conditions of thiopental anesthesia. The sections of the ileum were fixed in a 10 % neutral formalin solution, and after passing through the ethyl alcohol of increasing concentration, were placed in paraffin. Histologic sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin, according to van Gizon, Mallory, Weigert, toluidine blue. Nuclear-cytoplasmic ratios in epitheliocytes, endothelial cells, relative volumes of damaged epithelial cells, endothelial cells, smooth myocytes, and cell density of infiltrates on 1 mm² of the ileum mucosa were gistostereometrically determined. In the blood serum of experimental animals, the concentration of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin 2 (IL-2), 6 (IL6), 10 (IL10) immunoferment methods were determined. Quantitative values were processed statistically.
Results and Discussion. All-round analysis of cytokine concentrations in serum of animals showed that they changed slightly in a month after resection of 31.5 % of liver parenchyma. It was established that at removal of 58.1 % of liver parenchyma there was postresection portal hypertension. Concentration of IL-2 in serum of rats in these experimental conditions with a high degree of reliability (p<0.001) exceeded the similar control index by 26.5 %, IL-6 by 1.95 times, and IL-10 by 36.7 %. It should be noted that the level of TNF-a under study experimental conditions in creased by only 12.2 % (p<0.001). Significant changes in nuclear cytoplasmic ratios in epithelial cells and endothelial cells were revealed in the ileum, indicating a violation of structural cellular homeostasis, and a statistically significant (p<0.001) increase in relative volumes of damaged investigated cells indicated a significant damage to the ileum. Cellular infiltration in these experimental conditions with a high statistically significant difference (p<0.001) increased by 24.7 %, indicating the presence of inflammatory process.
Conclusions. Resection of 58.1 % of liver parenchyma leads to postresection portal hypertension, ileum injuries and marked imbalance of IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-a cytokines in serum. The degree of cytokine profile disturbances in postresection portal hypertension correlates with the severity of changes structural cellular homeostasis, relative volumes of damaged epithelial cells and endothelial cells, cell infiltration density in the investigated organ.
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