HORMONAL DISORDERS IN WOMEN WITH INFERTILITY AND PELVIC INFLAMMATORY DISEASES AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/mcch.2410-681X.2025.i3.15691Keywords:
infertility; diabetes mellitus; pelvic inflammatory diseases; reproductive system hormones; comorbidity.Abstract
Introduction. The combination of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and pelvic inflammatory diseases creates a complex clinical context in which cross-interactions between metabolic (insulin resistance, hyperglycaemia), immune (chronic systemic inflammation) and endocrine (gonadotropic and steroid axis regulation) processes can lead to persistent hormonal disorders in women of reproductive age. The aim of the study – to analyse the hormonal status of infertile women with chronic salpingo-oophoritis combined with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Research Methods. The study involved an analysis of medical records and examination of 53 infertile women of reproductive age with chronic salpingo-oophoritis (ChrSO), T2DM and their combination, who were undergoing inpatient treatment at the Ternopil Municipal Hospital No. 2. Patients were divided into three groups: 1st – patients diagnosed with ChrSO; 2nd – patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus; 3rd – patients with combined ChrSO and T2DM. The level of reproductive system hormones was determined using a Cobas e 411 automatic analyser. Results and Discussion. In infertile women with T2DM and a combination of T2DM and ChrSO, a significant hormonal imbalance is observed compared to the group with isolated chronic salpingo-oophoritis, in particular, a significant increase in FSH, LH and testosterone, a marked decrease in oestradiol and progesterone, and a decrease in the LH/FSH ratio, reflecting a combination of hypoestrogenism, hypoprogesteronemia and hyperandrogenism against a background of metabolic disorders. Conclusions. The established hormonal imbalance in infertile women with comorbid type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic salpingo-oophoritis indicates a combination of decreased ovarian function and relative hyperandrogenism in patients with diabetes, which is exacerbated by inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs.
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