ACTIVITY OF CYTOLYTIC PROCESSES IN THE BODY OF RATS POISONED WITH THE FOOD DYE AZORUBINE

Abstract

Introduction. About 20 synthetic dyes, most of which are azo compounds, are officially allowed to be used in the food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries in Ukraine. Synthetic dyes are capable of exhibiting toxic and carcinogenic properties due to their interaction with food ingredients, various environmental factors, and exceeding permissible levels of use. The most common synthetic dyes include carmoisin (azorubin) E122 (raspberry dye). As a result of numerous studies of the food additive E122, a number of possible negative effects on the human body have been revealed.

The aim of the study – to investigate the activity of membrane-destructive processes and the degree of endogenous intoxication in rats poisoned with the food dye azorubin.

Research Methods. Experiments were conducted on white male rats, which were divided into 3 groups, one of them served as a control, the other two groups of animals received an aqueous solution of azorubin at a dose of 15 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg of body weight. Rats were euthanized under thiopental anesthesia. In the obtained biological material, the activity of the membrane-dependent enzymes ALT, AST, and LDH, the content of medium-mass molecules (MSM), and the erythrocyte intoxication index were determined on the 7th, 14th, and 21st days from the beginning of the experiment. Statistical data processing was performed using the SPSS-22 software package.

Results and Discussion. The highest activity of ALT in blood serum of poisoned rats (15 mg/kg of azorubin) was registered on the 21st day of poisoning. Azorubin at a dose of 100 mg/kg led to a probable increase in the activity of ALT in all terms of the study. Similar changes are characteristic for AST and LDH. In the liver and myocardium, the activity of these enzymes probably decreased during the experiment. It was established that damage to rats with toxic doses of azorubin led to an increase in the permeability of erythrocyte membranes, and with the extension of the study period, the percentage of permeability progressively increased. The dose of 100 mg/kg of azorubin showed a more pronounced effect on EII. After the introduction of increased doses of azorubin into the body of rats, endogenous intoxication deepened, which was evidenced by an increase in the content of MSM of both fractions in the blood serum of rats. The dose of 100 mg/kg of body weight was more toxic, the content of MSM was high during all periods of the study.

Conclusions. The research results allow us to draw a conclusion about the toxicity of both doses of azorubin (15 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg), while a dose of food dye of 15 mg/kg of body weight did not have a toxic effect on all parameters.