AMINO ACID COMPOSITION OF MATTHIOLA BICORNIS (SIBTH. & SM.) DC. QUEEN RESEARCH OF THE NIGHT CULTIVAR RAW MATERIALS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/mcch.2410-681X.2020.v.i3.11533Keywords:
Matthiola bicornis, amino acid composition, ion exchange liquid column chromatographyAbstract
Introduction. Amino acids are a physiologically important group of compounds, involved in the synthesis and metabolism of many substances, able to maintain the normal functioning of organs and systems of the body. Amino acids and their derivatives have long been used effectively in medicine. Plants synthesize all the amino acids they need. The human body cannot synthesize all the amino acids it needs, some of which it gets from food. Therefore, the study of the amino acid composition of plants is relevant.
The aim of the study – to learn the qualitative composition and determine the quantitative content of amino acids in the raw material of the Matthiola bicornis (Sibth. & Sm.) DC. Queen of the Night cultivar.
Research Methods. The objects of the study were threshed grass, stems, roots and seeds of Matthiola bicornis (Sibth. & Sm.) DC. Queen of the Night cultivar. The amino acid composition of the studied types of raw materials was determined by ion-exchange liquid column chromatography on an automatic amino acid analyzer.
Results and Discussion. In the raw material of Matthiola bicornis (Sibth. & Sm.) DC. Queen of the Night cultivar, taken for research, the presence of 18 amino acids was established: 7 essential, 3 semi-essential and 8 essential. The highest content of amino acids was observed in seeds and threshed grass, the lowest – in the roots. Proline dominated the number in the aboveground part of the plant. Glutamic acid accumulated the most in roots and seeds. Cystine in threshed grass and stems was found in the smallest amount, histidine – in the roots, and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) – in the seeds. The amount of essential amino acids in the studied types of raw materials of Matthiola bicornis (Sibth. & Sm.) DC. Queen of the Night cultivar was almost 1/3 of the total amount of amino acids (31.28 %, 24.69 %, 28.63 % and 29.77 %, respectively). Among the essential amino acids in threshed grass, stems and roots, leucine and lysine predominated in content, and leucine and phenylalanine in seeds. Methionine and phenylalanine were present in the smallest amounts in the roots, and methionine and isoleucine in the threshed grass, stems and seeds.
Conclusions. The obtained results will be used for standardization of raw materials and development of new drugs of plant origin based on the amino acid complex of Matthiola bicornis (Sibth. & Sm.) DC.
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