ZINC OXIDE NANOPARTICLES ENHANCE THE HEPATOTOXIC EFFECTS OF GLYPHOSATE HERBICIDE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/mcch.2410-681X.2019.v.i4.10824Keywords:
Zinc oxide nanoparticles, glyphosate herbicide, hepatotoxicityAbstract
Introduction. Nanomaterials have caused a step forward in many industries and are used in our overall life. Due to their unique properties, zinc oxide nanoparticles are widely used in industry and medicine. The ability of nanoparticles to transport drugs and chemicals inside the cell makes the question actual of the potential ability to enhance the toxic action of classic toxicants when entering the body simultaneously with nanoparticles.
The aim of the study – to investigate the effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles on the hepatotoxic effects of glyphosate herbicide.
Research Methods. The experiments were carried out on outbred male rats, which were injected intragastrically 0.5 ml of ZnO nanoparticles at a dose of 100 mg/kg and glyphosate (in the form of herbicide roundup) at a dose of 250 mg/kg of body weight in the form of suspension during 14 days. The experimental animals were divided into 4 groups: group 1 – the control (intact rats), group 2 – the rats administered with ZnO nanoparticles, group 3 – the animals administered with glyphosate, group 4 – the rats administered with the suspension of ZnO nanoparticles+ glyphosate. The toxicants were administered simultaneously and separately. The activity of alanine- and aspartate aminotransferases, alkaline phosphatase, total protein and urea content were determined in serum.
Results and Discussion. It was concluded that under the influence of zinc oxide nanoparticles only the activity of alanine- and aspartate aminotransferases was significantly increased. The administration of glyphosate herbicide led to marked changes in all the studied parameters. Maximum changes were recorded in the group of animals which were administered nanoparticles and glyphosate simultaneously. In this case, the activity of aminotransferases and alkaline phosphatase was significantly changed compared to similar parameters in the group of animals that were administered only herbicide.
Conclusion. Zinc oxide nanoparticles are able to enhance the hepatotoxic effect of glyphosate.
References
Lakhtin, V.M., Afanasev, S.S., & Lakhtin, M.V. (2008). Nanotekhnologii i perspektivy ikh ispolzovaniya v meditsine i biotekhnologii [Nanotechnology and the prospects for their use in medicine and biotechnology]. Vestn. RAMN – Bulletin of the RAMS, 4, 50-55 [in Russian].
Mykytiuk, M.V. (2011). Nanochastynky ta perspektyvy yikh zastosuvannia v biolohii i medytsyni [Nanoparticles and prospects for their application in biology and medicine]. Problemy ekolohii ta medytsyny – Problems of Ecology and Medicine, 5-6, 41–49 [in Ukrainian].
Trakhtenberh, I.M., & Dmytrukha, N.M. (2013). Nanochastynky metaliv, metody otrymannia, sfery zastosuvannia, fizyko-khimichni ta toksychni vlastyvosti [Metal nanoparticles, production methods, applications, physicochemical and toxic properties]. Ukrainskyi zhurnal z problem medytsyny pratsi – Ukrainian Journal on Problems of Occupational Medicine, 4 (37), 62-74 [in Ukrainian].
Heera, P. (2015). Nanoparticle characterization and application: an overview. Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. App., 4 (8), 379-386.
Jiang, J., & Cai, J. (2018). The advancing of zinc oxide nanoparticles for biomedical applications. Bioinorganic Chemistry and Applications. Article ID 1062562, 18 pageshttps://doi.org/10.1155/2018/1062562. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/1062562
Leonenko, N.S., Demetska, O.V., & Leonenko, O.B. ( 2016). Osoblyvosti fizyko–khimichnykh vlastyvostei ta toksychnoi dii nanomaterialiv – do problemy otsinky yikhnoho nebezpechnoho vplyvu na zhyvi orhanizmy (ohliad literatury) [Features of physicochemical properties and toxic action of nanomaterials – to the problem of estimation of their dangerous impact on living organisms (literature review)]. Suchasni problemy toksykolohii, kharchovoi ta khimichnoi bezpeky – Modern Problems of Toxicology, Food and Chemical Safety 1, 64-77 [in Ukrainian].
Chekman, I.S., Ulberh, Z.R., Rudenko, A.D., Marushko, Yu.V., Hruzina, T.H., Reznichenko, L.S., Dybkova, S.M., & Hrebelnyk A.I. (2013). Tsynk i nanotsynk: vlastyvosti, zastosuvannia u klinichnii praktytsi [Zinc and nano zinc: properties, application in clinical practice]. Ukr. med. Chasopys – Ukrainian Medical Herald, 2 (94, III/IV, 42-47 [in Ukrainian].
Wang, B., Feng, W., & Wang, M. (2008). Acute toxicological impact of nano- and submicroscaled zinc oxide powder on healthy adult mice. Journal of Nanoparticle Research, 10 (2), 263–276. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-007-9245-3
Jones, N., Ray, B., & Ranjit, K.T. (2008). Antibacterial activity of ZnO nanoparticle suspensions on a broad spectrum of microorganisms. FEMS Microbiol. Lett., 279 (1), 71-76. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.2007.01012.x
Silva, E. Da., Kembouchea, Y., Tegnera, U., Baunb, A., & Keld, A. (2019). Jensen Interaction of biologically relevant proteins with ZnO nanomaterials: Aconfounding factor for in vitro toxicity endpoints. Toxicology in Vitro, 56, 41-51. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tiv.2018.12.016
Howaida, N., Atti, H., Shalaby, M., & Arafah, M. (2013). Oral exposure to zinc oxide nanoparticles induced oxidative damage, inflammation and genotoxicity in rat’s lung. Life Science Journal, 10 (1), 1969-1979.
