MODERN APPROACHES TO PHYSICAL THERAPY IN PATIENTS WITH POLYTRAUMA

Abstract

SUMMARY. The article discusses modern approaches to physical therapy for patients with multiple injuries. The main focus is on analyzing the effectiveness of physical therapy, kinesiotherapy, mechanotherapy, etc. The physiological mechanisms of each method, their combination, and their effect on the restoration of musculoskeletal function, muscle strength, coordination, and endurance are described. The importance of an individual approach to the patient is considered, taking into account the severity of injuries, general condition, and psychological factors. The use of modern technologies in physical therapy allows to significantly increase the effectiveness of rehabilitation, reduce recovery time, and improve the quality of life of patients.

The aim – to analyze modern methods of physical therapy based on scientific evidence and evaluate their effectiveness in the comprehensive rehabilitation of patients after humerus fractures and multiple soft tissue injuries of the upper extremities caused by mine-blast trauma, taking into account indicators of muscle strength, coordination, and overall physical condition.

Material and Methods. The study involved an analysis of scientific sources related to the use of modern physical therapy methods in the rehabilitation of patients with multiple injuries. The analysis included the results of clinical trials, systematic reviews, physical therapy guidelines, and the work of leading specialists in the field of rehabilitation.

Results. Analysis of scientific sources showed that comprehensive physical therapy after fractures of the humerus and multiple soft tissue injuries of the upper extremities ensures accelerated recovery of functional mobility and reduction of pain syndrome. The most effective programs were those that combined kinesiotherapy, isometric exercises, PNF techniques, and elements of mechanotherapy. The use of electromyostimulation and hydrokinesotherapy contributed to improved muscle strength and coordination of movements in patients with mine-blast injuries. It was found that early initiation of rehabilitation and an individualized approach have a positive effect on the restoration of daily activities and overall physical condition. Overall, the review confirmed the importance of a multidisciplinary approach and the use of modern evidence-based physical therapy methods to improve the effectiveness of recovery after complex upper limb injuries.

Conclusion. The literature review showed that effective rehabilitation of patients after humerus fractures and multiple soft tissue contusions of the upper extremities due to mine-blast injuries is based on a combination of evidence-based physical therapy methods. The most effective programs include individualized kinesiotherapy, isometric exercises, PNF elements, mechanotherapy, electromyostimulation, and water procedures. The use of these methods contributes to improved muscle strength, coordination, reduced pain syndrome, and increased functional independence of patients.