MORPHOLOGICAL HEART CHANGES IN ANIMALS WITH EXPERIMENTAL SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/1811-2471.2018.v0.i1.8470Keywords:
systemic lupus erythematosus, model, rats, heart, morphology.Abstract
Heart pathology in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) refers to the most common manifestations of the disease and largely determines its prognosis. The pathogenetic constructions of myocardium, endocardium and coronary vessel lesions remain insufficiently studied. Histological evaluation of separate cardiac structures is performed on native models of SLE in linear mice.
The aim of the study – to learn in the experiment on animals (rats) with SLE model the degree of cardiomyocytes, myocardium, endocardium, valves and cardiac vessel damage, comparing the results with thymus and spleen tissues histological data.
Material and Methods. The SLE modelling was performed in 53 white non-breeding rats (34 females and 19 males) using full Freund’s adjuvant, splenic deoxyribonucleic acid of cattle, cyclophosphamide, azid and sodium deoxyribo- nucleate. Cadmium sulfate, lithium oxybutyrate and ammonium molybdate were added for feeding animals. Histological heart specimen were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, altsyon blue (pH = 2.6), van Gieson. PAS-reaction was applied.
Results. Experimental SLE is accompanied by the development of cardiopathy in all animals with cardiomyocytes hypertrophy, dystrophy and necrosis, morphological signs of coronary vessel, myocardial stroma, endocardium and heart valves sclerosis, proliferation of vascular endothelium, which has dispersion and direct correlation relationships with the degree of lymphoma-macrophage infiltration, interstitial tissue, perivascular and valvular histiocytic cell infiltration, and the vessels endothelium damage nature is closely linked to the presence of mast cells in myocardial stroma, it is defined by endocardium necrosis and valves collagenolysis, decrease in spleen lymphoid tissue, and also in the brain layer cells and Gassal cells in the thymus. We selected those signs of experimental lupus cardiopathy, which simultaneously had Brown-Forsythe dispersion and Kendall non-parametric correlation relations. It turned out that the hypertrophy of cardiomyocytes is directly influenced by the severity of perivascular cell infiltration and the proliferation of vascular endothelium and valves, but necrotization of cardiomyocytes – by the degree of perivascular sclerosis. As the Wilcoxon- Rao multivariate analysis showed, vascular endothelial changes affect the integral manifestations of myocardium, endocardium and heart valve damages. The presented model will be useful for studying the pathogenetic constructions of extracardiac signs of SLE, as well as for developing new and improving the known methods of the disease treatment.
Conclusions. In the case of experimental lupus cardiopathy, there is a heart structures lesion, what is more, the immune disorders are involved in their pathogenetic constructions, as indicated by the damage of the immunocompetent organs’ (thymus and spleen) corresponding structures.
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