CLINICAL-NOSOLOGICAL AND CLINICAL-EPIDEMIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PATIENTS WITH LOWER EXTREMITY INJURIES AND DIABETES MELLITUS IN POLYTRAUMA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/1811-2471.2025.v.i4.15815Keywords:
polytrauma, diabetes mellitus, trauma of lower extremity, victims, polysystemic injuriesAbstract
SUMMARY. The aim – to determine the clinical-nosological and clinical-morphological characteristics of patients with lower extremity injuries and diabetes mellitus in the setting of polytrauma.
Material and Methods. A retrospective analysis of medical records of inpatient trauma patients treated at the Municipal Non-Profit Enterprise “Ternopil Regional Clinical Hospital” of the Ternopil Regional Council from 2014 to 2016 and the Municipal Non-Profit Enterprise “Ternopil City Clinical Hospital of Emergency Care” of the Ternopil City Council from 2014 to 2024.
Results. Predominant femoral injuries within the polytrauma structure were recorded in 24 patients (38.7 %); injuries of the tibia and foot were identified in 29 patients (46.8 %); knee and patellar injuries were documented in 6 patients (9.7 %); and in 3 cases (4.8 %) – combined injuries of the femur, tibia, and foot were observed. The mean age of the injured patients was 41 years, with 53 males and 9 females.
Injury mechanisms included 46 road traffic accidents, 12 falls from height (≥2 m), 1 physical assault by another person, 2 bicycle-related falls, and 1 case of a heavy object falling.
The average duration of hospital stay was 22 days.
All patients had injuries involving two or more anatomical regions. Among them, three had a previously diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus, one had impaired glucose tolerance, 21 exhibited hyperglycemia on admission (>6.1 mmol/L), and 37 had normal blood glucose levels (<6.1 mmol/L).
Conclusions. Middle-aged males constituted the majority of polytrauma patients (85.5 %), consistent with known epidemiological patterns. The dominant injury mechanisms were road traffic accidents (74.2 %) and falls from height (19.4 %). Femoral and tibial fractures were the most common injuries, typical of high-energy trauma and associated with increased risk of infectious complications. A considerable proportion of patients (34 %) presented with hyperglycemia on admission, suggesting potentially undiagnosed disorders of glucose metabolism and an elevated risk of adverse outcomes.
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