MORPHOMETRIC JUSTIFICATION OF CHANGES IN THE MICROHEMOCIRCULATORY CHANNEL OF THE SUBMANDUBIAL GLAND WITH AGE AND IN POST-RESECTION PULMONARY HYPERTENSION. EXPERIMENTAL STUDY.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/1811-2471.2025.v.i4.15811Keywords:
submandibular gland, remodeling, hemomicrocirculatory vessels, pulmonary hypertensionAbstract
SUMMARY. The literature describes a large number of etiological factors for the development of inflammatory diseases of the salivary glands and their dysfunctions of inflammatory and non-inflammatory nature. Among the main problems of the occurrence of these pathologies is hypofunction of the submandibular gland, which most often manifests itself in sialoadenosis and sialoadenitis in the form of hyposalivation and xerostomia. In recent decades, in the context of rapid scientific and technological progress, there has been a sharp increase in the number of chronic respiratory diseases of the lungs, which lead to the development of pulmonary heart. An important and relevant issue is the study of the direct and reverse effects of organs on each other and the principles of their correlations. The progressive development of diagnostic techniques encourages modern clinicians to consider decreased salivary gland function not as a single symptom of diseases of these organs, but as a manifestation of various somatic pathologies and to be increasingly interested in the remodeling of the vascular structures of organs for a detailed study of changes in their structure and function in various physiological and pathological conditions.
The aim – to study and highlight morphometric changes in the microcirculatory bed of the submandibular gland with age and in post-resection pulmonary hypertension.
Material and Methods. The hemomicrocirculatory vessels of the submandibular gland of 26 male Vietnamese pigs were studied using a complex of histological and morphometric methods.
Results. With age, a structural reorganization of the microhemocirculatory occurs – the lumens of arterioles narrow by 4.0 %, precapillary arterioles – by 3.9 %, hemocapillaries – by 3.3 %, while postcapillary venules expand by 3.3 % and venules – by 4.2 %. It was found that the density of hemomicrocirculatory microvessels per unit area of the studied organ almost did not change with age, which allows maintaining appropriate tissue homeostasis.
Conclusions. The simulated pathology leads to pronounced remodeling of the structures of the submandibular gland and its vessels, which are characterized by narrowing of the afferent (arterioles, precapillary arterioles), exchange (hemocapillaries) and expansion of its venous (postcapillary venules and venules) parts. The most pronounced degree of remodeling of the microvessels of the studied organ was detected in 6.5–7 month old experimental animals with compensation of pulmonary cor.
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