EFFECTIVENESS OF REHABILITATION METHODS IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 1 DIABETES MELLITUS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/1811-2471.2025.v.i1.15256Keywords:
type 1 diabetes mellitus, body mass index, glycosylated hemoglobin, neuropathic painAbstract
SUMMARY. Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) is a serious metabolic disease complicated by diabetic polyneuropathy and overweight, which significantly impairs the quality of life of patients. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of integrating physical activity into comprehensive rehabilitation programs to improve patients’ metabolic parameters and functional status.
The aim – to evaluate the effectiveness of comprehensive rehabilitation programs in patients with type 1 diabetes, diabetic polyneuropathy and overweight, with a focus on their impact on glycemic control, body mass index and neuropathic manifestations.
Materials and Methods. The study involved 42 patients with type 1 diabetes, diabetic polyneuropathy, and overweight, who were divided into three groups depending on the rehabilitation regimen, which included dosed walking, Buerger-Allen exercises, and dance mat exercises. The effectiveness of the interventions was assessed by glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), body mass index (BMI), and the presence of neuropathic pain (DN4 questionnaire).
Results. The results of the study showed that 3 months after home rehabilitation, HbA1c levels decreased in all groups, but the greatest decrease (on average by 2.3 units) was recorded in the group where three types of physical activity were used (p<0.05).
The study compared the effect of three rehabilitation programs on HbA1c, BMI, and neuropathic pain in patients with type 1 diabetes. The best results for all indicators were recorded in group 3, where Buerger-Allen exercises and a dance mat were used, which provided a statistically significant improvement (p<0.05). The study confirmed the effectiveness of an integrated approach to rehabilitation.
Conclusions. Comprehensive home rehabilitation programs, which include three types of physical activity, namely dosed walking, dance mat exercises and the Buerger-Allen technique, showed significant improvement in glycemic control, reduction in BMI and reduction in neuropathic pain in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and diabetic peripheral neuropathy. The introduction of such programs into standard treatment can significantly improve the effectiveness of rehabilitation.
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