INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT METHODS OF CANCER TREATMENT ON THE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE SALIVARY GLANDS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/1811-2471.2025.v.i1.15240Keywords:
salivary glands, oncology, dysfunction, morphometry, chemotherapy, radiation, oral cavity, experimentAbstract
SUMMARY. At the current stage of the evolution of the human body, the incidence of cancer in the world is steadily increasing from year to year and occupies the second place in the structure of mortality among the population of working age. Carrying out systemic complex treatment of oncological diseases causes persistent damage to the salivary glands, their dysfunction and the development of xerostomia, also known as "dry mouth" syndrome. Morphological and functiometric methods helps to verify diseases of the salivary glands and contribute to an individual approach to the choice of methods of their correction.
The aim – to conduct an analytical review of modern domestic and foreign medical literature on the impact of various methods of cancer treatment on the structure and function of the salivary glands.
Results. In order to treat tumors of the maxillofacial area, X-ray and radiation exposure are used separately, as well as in combination with chemotherapy, which causes not only the destruction of pathological tissues, but also affects the adjacent organs. A number of authors noted a sharp decrease in the functional activity of the salivary glands after radiation exposure in the head and neck areas, as well as the development of complete xerostomia with local irradiation with low-intensity doses.
Conclusions. From the review of modern domestic and foreign medical literature, we can see that the salivary glands are highly sensitive organs to disorders and atypical processes in the human body, which respond by partial or complete cessation of exo- and endocrine functions, which leads to an increase in the risk of organ damage by pathological processes and tissues of the oral cavity. A comprehensive systematic study of the damage to the structure and function of the salivary glands in cancer patients allows timely introduction of additional therapeutic and preventive measures aimed at their correction.
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