BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL APPROACH IN THE REHABILITATION OF PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC LOW BACK PAIN
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11603/1811-2471.2024.v.i4.15036Keywords:
biopsychosocial approach, chronic pain, lumbar spine, rehabilitationAbstract
Summary. Lumbar spine pain not only affects people's daily lives, but also imposes a heavy social burden and economic costs, which is a huge problem for both the patient and the healthcare system. A paradigm shift in the rehabilitation approach for patients with lumbar spine pain will play an important role in preventing the chronicization of the process.
The aim – to analyze and evaluate the effectiveness of the biopsychosocial approach in the complex rehabilitation of patients with chronic pain in the lumbar spine.
Material and Methods. The analytical review of scientific articles was performed using a systematic approach, in particular, methods of information analysis. An analysis of scientific papers investigating the effectiveness of the biopsychosocial approach in the rehabilitation of patients with chronic lumbar spine pain was conducted. The search was conducted in Medline databases (using the Pubmed interface).
Results. Multidisciplinary biopsychosocial rehabilitation can be carried out in various types of medical facilities, including multidisciplinary clinics, rehabilitation centers, or outpatient settings. Such institutions create specialized teams of specialists that include doctors of various specialties, psychologists, physical therapists, and social workers. This allows for a comprehensive approach that takes into account not only the medical, but also the psychological and social needs of the patient, adapting the rehabilitation process to the specifics of a particular clinical situation.
Conclusions. The biopsychosocial model provides a valuable framework for understanding the factors that contribute to the progression of low back pain to chronicity and identifies important targets for rehabilitation interventions. Multidisciplinary biopsychosocial rehabilitation includes elements aimed at improving physical dysfunction related to the lumbar spine, as well as addressing psychological issues and targeting social or work-related behaviors, or any combination of these. Biopsychosocial interventions in a multidisciplinary setting have significant potential to improve the functional capacity of patients with chronic lumbar spine pain.
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